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Repair, maintenance, operation of the VAZ 2106. What needs to be done before removing the engine

The fairly simple and familiar design of the legendary “classic” Zhiguli allows you to carry out routine repairs of the VAZ 2106 yourself, in a garage. The point is not only the simplicity of the design, but also the affordable cost of spare parts, as well as the small number of necessary tools and special devices.

Repair and operation of the VAZ 2106, as a rule, are inexpensive. A car in good technical condition and with a calm driving style in practice consumes fuel moderately, while not being too demanding on its quality. The “Six” and its modification VAZ 21061 with a 1.5 liter engine when driving on the highway at speeds of up to 100 km/h fit into 8-8.5 l/100 km, and the VAZ 21063 model consumes even less - up to 8 l/100 km.

Possible engine malfunctions

The resource of the power unit depends on the conditions in which it is operated. On average, a factory-assembled engine travels 150 thousand km before overhaul, sometimes the mileage reaches 200 thousand. During this period the following work will need to be completed.

Adjustment of valves. On most cars produced, this is done using a dipstick or indicator bar, and only on cars produced in recent years can hydraulic compensators be found.
During operation, it is necessary to change the generator drive belt. This is done after a visual inspection and detection of defects on it.
Replacing the fuel pump rod. Over time, the part works and becomes shorter, the pressure on the pump lever weakens, as a result of which there is a lack of fuel at high speeds.
The timing chain and gears need to be replaced as they wear out. Diagnosis of faults is simple: loud noise and inability to tension the chain. Together with this kit, the tensioner and damper shoe are replaced. Sometimes, along with them, it is necessary to change the drive gears of the oil pump and distributor, the so-called “pig”.
Piston rings are usually replaced after 100 thousand kilometers. Their wear is characterized by loss of power, increased oil consumption and smoke from the crankcase ventilation pipe. To select rings, you should know that the diameter of the pistons in the VAZ 2106 and VAZ 21063 power units is 79 mm, and in the VAZ 21061 engine - 76 mm. Such a repair of the sixth model VAZ involves removing the cylinder head, so it often makes sense to grind the valves into the seats or change them.

Electrical, cooling and fuel supply problems

The electrical part of the car as a whole is quite reliable because it is simple. The following parts often fail:

circuit breakers;
charging voltage regulator;
distributor contacts (on older models), slider fuse;
high voltage wires;
starter and generator brushes;
relay;
The battery terminals are oxidized.

The weakest point of the cooling system is the thermostat. Diagnosis of the malfunction is as follows: there is overheating of the liquid or, conversely, a constantly low temperature. In newer models, the electric fan switch located at the bottom of the radiator sometimes fails. After 40-60 thousand mileage, the water pump (pump) becomes unusable. It cannot be repaired and is completely replaced. The remaining components and parts of the system work reliably and do not have pronounced “diseases”.

In the fuel supply system, the fuel pump requires attention; its diaphragms and valves wear out quickly. In carburetor models of the “six”, major cleaning of this unit is required approximately once every 25 thousand km. In recent years, carburetors 2107 “Ozone” have been installed on the VAZ 21063, modification 2105 “Ozone”. On cars with fuel injection, injectors should be cleaned at the same intervals as carburetors.

Repair of chassis and transmission

Most often, the rubber bushings of the anti-roll bar and rear links, the boots of ball joints and steering rod pins are changed due to wear. Next comes the replacement of the ball joints themselves, the steering linkage and silent blocks. The bearings of the front hubs and rear axle shafts need to be changed as they wear out; a faulty part makes itself felt with a characteristic hum.

Brake pads are a consumable item, but the front discs last quite a long time and are replaced when grooves and grooves are detected on the working surface. Cracks in the front beam are not that uncommon. Minor defects can be eliminated by welding, but you must keep in mind that such car repairs are temporary; the cracked beam will continue to deteriorate.

In the brake system, the working cylinders on the wheels often fail. This happens due to the fact that the rubber sealing rings become unusable. Car enthusiasts are well aware of the rule: it is easier to replace the brake wheel cylinder once than to replace rubber seals many times. Not so often, but still there are problems with the main brake distributor and clutch slave cylinder for the same reason.

Transmission parts that are well known to the owners of the “classic” are clutch parts, which are quite difficult to change on a VAZ 2106 car with your own hands. These are the clutch disc and release bearing, the lifespan of which ranges from 20 to 50 thousand km, depending on the quality of the product.

The difficulty is that to replace these parts you need to remove the gearbox, and before that the driveshaft. The latter has 2 crosspieces installed, which serve approximately 20 thousand km. The transmission unit, which sometimes makes itself felt with a continuous humming sound of varying volume and tonality, is the rear axle gearbox. Repairing it is expensive, since it cannot be done without the involvement of a serious specialist.

In order to save money, a car enthusiast can only remove the gearbox from the car to take it to a mechanic for repairs and subsequent adjustments, and then put it back. The VAZ 2106 gearbox is quite reliable, only in the latest 5-speed models there were sometimes some problems with 5th gear. The result is the same as with the gearbox - a trip to a specialist.

Most of the above work can be done yourself, thereby saving money. Work on repairing the body of the VAZ sixth model was not mentioned, since they need to be done quite rarely, and this requires the qualifications of an automobile master.

The current technical equipment of bodywork workshops makes it possible to restore the tail of passenger cars after accident damage of varying degrees of severity. Modern equipment of body shops is high-tech and does not leave post-accident defects that can lead to metal oxidation and corrosion on the tail surfaces subjected to repair and restoration work.

Types of body work

Body work should include the following types of work:

Restoration of the factory body configuration, which implies a return to the factory parameters of the car. If the geometry of the body tail is violated, the vehicle's driving performance deteriorates, fuel consumption increases, and vehicle control becomes more difficult, which can create the preconditions for new traffic accidents;
Lako - colorful works, which are carried out after performing body work on equipment;
Selective painting, during which small defects of individual body elements are subject to painting with a selected color;
Polishing the body using abrasive materials is part of the restoration work. This type of work is required when the paintwork has a lot of damage in the form of shallow scratches and small defects.
In this case, the damage should be shallow, at the level of ground materials, without damaging the main paint of the body elements.
Elimination of individual areas of corrosion and rust. Such damage occurs during long-term use of equipment. To remove them, it is necessary to clean the damaged area of the body plumage down to the metal surface using rust converters;
Paintless dent removal using the “Dellen ohne Lackieren” technology. Using this technology, dents are eliminated without damaging the paintwork, leaving no traces of restoration activities;
Repair work on the front and rear bumper;
Car threshold repair, which is associated with carrying out restoration work to restore places for the jack;
The work of a master tinsmith;
Works of a master welder;
Work with the slipway, which is a unit used for the restoration of a car body after an accident, which is intended for work on restoring the car body;
Straightening works as the main type of body repair.

All types of work are carried out at a service station; it is also possible to repair the body of a VAZ 2106 with your own hands, a video of which is posted on our website.

Straightening VAZ 2106 as the main type of body repair

In the broad sense of the meaning of this technological operation, straightening seems to be the final type of work to eliminate damage to the body and consists of giving the body part the factory configuration or close to it. After all, the thickness of the car putty layer applied to the damaged area and, as a result, the quality of the paint layer when repairing a VAZ 2106 depends on the correct work to restore damage to the body.
When carrying out straightening work, it is important to bring the putty layer to such a condition that its thickness is minimal. If the layer has a thickness exceeding the maximum permissible value, cracks may appear in the area being repaired.

Attention: The process of straightening and applying leveling putty is the final process before applying paintwork; based on its results, the price of body work performed when repairing the VAZ 2106 body at a service station is determined.

Tools used for work

The tools for body work on the VAZ 2106 are anvils of various configurations, which for the most part correspond to the factory images of the part to be straightened. A body mechanic should have special hammers of various types and weights in his arsenal.
Conventional metalworking hammers are not suitable for working on body parts due to the specific design of the working (impact) surface of the tool. If you use a metalworking tool, then under its impact the thin metal of the body is subjected to strong pressure, which causes a decrease in the thickness (thinning) of the surface and its linear expansion, which leads to the formation of new defects.
Special straightening hammers differ from metalworking hammers by having a corrugated striking part. and are similar to the working plane of a file. In addition, body mechanics in their work range also have hammers with a rubber striking part, which serve to soften the impact.

Straightening process technology

Complete instructions for body work on the VAZ 2106 can be found here. If the rules for straightening work are correctly followed, the necessary result for the restoration of body parts will be achieved.
These rules include the following:

Anvils should only be used in the appropriate configuration.
Even when using special straightening hammers, the impact of this tool will cause the metal to change its physical properties, becoming thinner and changing its linear dimensions. Therefore, the blows should be weak but frequent.
If there are folds on the surface to be repaired, then it is necessary to begin restoring the surface from them, moving towards the center of the defect.
Every few blows, it is necessary to assess by touch the condition of the metal being restored, check the condition of irregularities and defects, and, taking this into account, adjust the process of working with body metal.

Attention: When restoring large, flat parts of the bodywork, such as the roof, hood and trunk lid, check the product using measuring tools.

DIY body repair

Repairing the outer tail of a car must be taken very seriously, because such repairs are the most expensive, but at the same time it is the most important work on the vehicle. After all, the appearance of a car is directly related to the degree of its grooming.
Here, a lot depends on how to carry out this type of repair of the VAZ 2106 body - with your own hands or at a service station.
In a broad sense, such body repair is the restoration of paintwork, as well as the original geometry of the body, deformed due to an accident.
If there are shallow dents and irregularities on the elements of the body part, repair using the classical method involves treating the damaged area with sandpaper with a fine abrasive, applying putty with a special tool to give the surface a uniform level throughout. But with a dent of small depth, you can use the method of paintless dent removal, photos with application samples posted on our portal.
Such work is usually carried out by specialists at a service station. This also applies to sheet metal, welding and other specialized work that should be carried out at a specialized enterprise. Specialists have not only knowledge and skills, but also the necessary software and special tools.

Body Shape Restoration

The car body elements are made by stamping from sheet metal. The tension in the molecular bonds of iron is formed during the extrusion of body elements under a press machine and retains the configuration of the product.
When impact is applied to the body tail, which has a convex shape, they are compressed, and then alignment begins, but the tension of the molecular bonds is aimed at maintaining the already changed surface of the body element, already concave in shape. When forming the so-called the molecular tension belt that arose during impact in the damage zone, actions to unload this stress area should be carried out exactly at the place where the defect was formed.
It follows from this that when carrying out body repair work, it is enough to clean the paint and primer from the damaged area with a scraper, as well as remove the fold of body metal that has formed on the area of the deformed surface.

If the defective surface is large in size but shallow in depth, then to level it, blows with a straightening hammer should be applied to the top point of the unevenness. If the defective surface is small but of sufficient depth, then straightening is carried out in parts, starting restoration from the edges of the deformed surface.
It is necessary to place an anvil of the desired configuration under the plane being processed. If there are struts or pads in the damaged segment, then these components of the body product are initially restored.
The first step in body repair is the restoration of the factory body configuration, which involves 2 main types of body repair - knocking out and straightening. The first type of repair is returning the body to its factory dimensions in a rough version.
Here the craftsmen use a wooden mallet in their work so as not to damage the body metal. The next step is straightening. Here it is necessary to work with a hammer even softer in order to prevent linear expansion of the metal.

Attention: If the deformed area is small in size and takes the form of a bubble, then this defect can be eliminated by heating. When the surface cools, the bubble should “dissolve.” It is not recommended to heat such points more than 2-3 times.

Restoring body defects using electric heating

Attention: If it is impossible to use automatic welding in places that are difficult to access, when section elements such as posts, gaskets, etc. are in the deformation zone, a connection such as soldering is used. To do this, the metal surface must be cleaned and the dent filled with tin solder. Excess solder residues are removed and the surface is sanded.

Using automatic welding, you can also carry out restoration by heating the metal and removing dents. This technology is based on the principle of instant heating of a metal surface.
A carbon electrode is used for this. Preparatory activities are carried out as usual; it is important to remove the paint, which has insulating properties.

The VAZ 2106 engine is repaired if it has lost compression, or there is a malfunction of the gas distribution mechanism, or the cylinder-piston group is destroyed.

Almost everyone can carry out repairs with their own hands. True, for this you need to have certain skills. Of course, you can’t do it without a special tool. You will need a special set of tools, such as a micrometer, a torque wrench.

What needs to be done before removing the motor

So, you need to disconnect all attachments. Disconnect the battery, remove the air filter housing, as well as the carburetor. Then drain all fluids from the engine. Antifreeze, if it is not replaced, must be drained into a container with a volume of about 10 liters. Motor oil should not be used after major repairs. It's better to fill it fresh. However, most of the preparatory work is the same, no matter what kind of repair of VAZ 2106 cars is carried out. You overhaul the engine, or remove the gearbox. The difference is in the nuances. For example, when dismantling the gearbox, you will not need to drain the antifreeze.

The car is installed as level as possible; special stops must be placed under the rear wheels. This will prevent the car from rolling away spontaneously. If necessary, you can remove the hood from its hinges. This will increase the space for work. Try to dismantle the engine as carefully as possible so as not to damage its components and elements. Remember that every broken part is another blow to your pocket. But engine repair itself costs a pretty penny even without these expenses.

Removing the VAZ 2106 engine

To remove the engine you will need a winch with a cable. Moreover, the latter must withstand a weight of at least 150 kg. Before starting work, you will need to disconnect the terminals from the battery. After this, remove the battery completely from the car. It is also necessary to remove all attachments. The carburetor, electric fan, muffler pants, and all electrical wiring must be disconnected. When you do a major overhaul of a VAZ 2106 engine with your own hands, you have to remove all the attachments, which means you will accumulate a lot of elements. And they will come in handy during assembly.

Then you need to install a jack under the engine, put a crossbar on top, from which you hang the engine on cables. Once the engine is installed, it can be disconnected from the gearbox. To do this, you need to unscrew the four bolts using a 19mm wrench. And don’t forget to unscrew the mountings of the cushions on which the motor is mounted. To pull the engine out of the engine compartment, you will need a winch. With its help, you will cope with this difficult matter alone. But if you have the opportunity to use the help of a partner, then do not refuse. Even if he is not strong in technology, he will at least hand over the keys and also perform physical work. As a last resort, make tea or coffee.

Disassembling the VAZ 2106 engine

So, when you have the motor outside, you can completely disassemble it. Do not place the engine on a hard surface. It is best to use an old tire as a support. Disconnect all elements that interfere with disassembly. Then you need to unscrew the nuts that secure the cylinder head cover. Try to carefully place all the nuts, washers, and bolts so that you don’t lose them later. In the future, the VAZ 2106 engine head will be repaired; you will learn about this procedure a little later.

Remove the timing cover by unscrewing the fastening nuts. Then remove the intake and exhaust manifolds. Now it's time to remove the cylinder head. Please note that there is no need to use a torque wrench when disassembling the engine. It will be needed when assembling the motor. You have a view of the pistons, pay attention to the amount of carbon deposits and the condition of the cylinders.

Is it necessary to bore the cylinders?

If your engine has completely lost compression, then you will need to bore the cylinders. There are cases when it is impossible to carry it out, since the last repair of the VAZ 2106 engine has been carried out. Then a relining is done. New liners are being installed into the engine block. This work requires professional skills; you cannot do it yourself. If you are boring a block, you have two options - you can use honing, or you can give the liners a mirror look.

You can argue a lot about the advantages and disadvantages of each type of boring, but it is better to choose a mirror. The reason is that honing wears off over time. In addition, it destroys the piston rings, which causes premature loss of compression in the engine. The result is that you get a mirror bore, but at a higher price.

What to do when repairing an engine

If you plan to repair the engine of a VAZ 2106 yourself without outside intervention, then boring will not work. The reason is that this procedure must be performed on special equipment. In addition, the person who makes it must have all the necessary skills. If you decide to simply change the rings or pistons, the scope of work is reduced. You need to purchase a set of pistons, rings, pins, and it is also recommended to replace the main and connecting rod bearings.

In addition, it is mandatory to grind in the valves in the cylinder head. It is recommended to replace valve guides and seals, so they must be purchased in advance. You must also have the necessary tools, in particular an electric or hand drill. Moreover, it should have a reverse function. You will also need to replace the timing chain, damper, and all gaskets.

How to tune an engine

To improve the VAZ 2106 engine, you will need to lighten all components. Namely:

Pistons.
Flywheel.
Crankshaft.

In addition, you need to improve the cooling and lubrication systems. As for the pistons, here you need to grind off the inner surface of the skirt. This work should be done by a specialist on a good lathe. Do not forget that the quality of the work performed determines how the engine will function in the future. As for the crankshaft and flywheel, they must be additionally centered after lightening. To do this, you will need to drill holes so that these nodes have the same center of gravity.

Tuning of other car systems

But don't forget that after all these improvements, standard cooling and lubrication will not be enough. Therefore, you will need to carry out all the work to improve the water pump and oil pump. The latter will have to be completely rebuilt to ensure a uniform supply of lubricant to all engine components. The cooling system should function with faster circulation of antifreeze. In addition, it is necessary to improve the radiator airflow system.

But the work is not finished yet. You need to calculate the brake system. It is possible that you will have to install brake pads with a larger contact area. When a major overhaul of a VAZ 2106 engine is carried out, it would be a sin not to modernize it. Just keep in mind that not only the engine will have to be improved.

Valve lapping tool

You all know why valves are needed in an engine. They serve for proper gas distribution. In other words, fuel must enter the combustion chamber in a timely manner, and the situation is similar with exhaust gases. But if there is no gap between the valve plate and the seat, or it is too large, then the gas distribution will be impaired. To get rid of this trouble, you need to grind in the valves. To do this, you will need two types of lapping paste: for rough and fine work. The required tools are a drill with a reverse function, as well as an attachment for it. You can make the latter from an old valve; to do this, cut off its stem.

Carrying out lapping

To make work more convenient and efficient, a rubber tube is installed between the drill and the valve. Its thickness should be the same as that of the valve stem. To prevent rotation, the tube is fixed using worm-drive clamps. The grinding procedure is quite simple. It is necessary to lubricate the valve plate and seat first with rough paste. After all minor surface irregularities have disappeared, this paste is washed off and a new one is applied for fine processing. The main thing in this matter is not to mix up the valves after grinding. At this point, the major overhaul of the VAZ 2106 engine can be considered almost complete. It is impossible to tell about it in a nutshell; reference books are needed to carry out all the work.

Do-it-yourself body repair of a VAZ 2106 is caused by the desire to restore the vehicle after an accident or damage of varying severity. On the VAZ 2106, body repairs are carried out according to the instructions. The car owner is recommended to first familiarize himself with the types of body work, their nuances, learn more about the applicable tools, and so on.

Types of repairs

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These works are classified as bodywork:

Restoration of a standard, factory car body structure. It is noteworthy that when the geometry is shifted, malfunctions in the operation of the machine and an increase in fuel consumption are possible. It becomes extremely difficult to control the vehicle. All this cannot but affect safety: an incorrect body carries danger and preconditions for new accidents;
Painting. This work is carried out after the body geometry has been restored. It is customary to distinguish between full and partial painting. The last type of work is also called selective painting and involves the treatment of small defects of individual body components;
Polishing. It is carried out as part of a body restoration program. It is necessary if the lacquer coating has a lot of damage, such as scratches and defects;
Fighting rust. This means complete treatment of those areas of the car that have already been exposed to corrosion. The body area is cleaned from rust to the metal surface. Special converters are used;
Fighting dents using special technology. It involves completely straightening areas of the body without damaging the paint. It is noteworthy that after this work there are no traces of restorative manipulations;
Bumper processing;

Thresholds and their repair. The main focus is on the places for the jack;
Welding works;
Slip works. In this case, it means restoring the body after an accident using a special unit;
Straightening, which is the main type of body work.

Specifics of the “six” body and its restoration

The body of the “six” consists of a large number of materials, forged by stamping and connected to each other by welding. The following features distinguish it:

The bumpers are chrome-plated and equipped with rubber or plastic bumpers;
Floor with moisture-proof underlay;
The doors are formed by panels;
The roof and hood have a similar structure.

Restoring the body of the “six” with your own hands is possible if there is minor damage. If we are talking about changing the geometry of the body, it is better to entrust the work to a pro.

So, the purpose of repair when restoring a body is to bring body parts back to normal using blows. Specific straightening hammers with rubber knobs are very helpful in this matter. Note. Restoration is carried out, as a rule, in two stages: first, knocking out with a wooden mallet, and then straightening.

Straightening

Tools for straightening the body of a VAZ 2106

It is the straightening that should be given more attention if the body of the “six” needs to be given its original appearance.

What does the word "straightening" mean? It is translated as alignment. As mentioned above, body straightening is considered the main work and its goal is to restore deformed areas or the entire body.

Body work in service

Carrying out straightening, as is known, involves a special technique. It is done efficiently and quickly. The goal is to stretch out or straighten concave parts of the body. If the person doing the straightening has little experience, it will be very difficult for him to cope with the work.

On the other hand, thanks to modern technologies, even a beginner can cope with straightening. What does a pneumatic hammer cost, allowing you to quickly bring a body part back to normal.

Common tools for straightening: hammer and jack. Here's how the main stages of straightening are carried out:

First the paint is removed;
The area is being straightened;
The area is puttied and rubbed.

Another secret to straightening: if the dent that needs to be leveled is small, then it is recommended to straighten it from the middle. On the contrary, if the dent is large, it is leveled from the edges.

In addition to a hammer and a jack, to carry out this operation yourself, you will have to arm yourself with the following tools:

A spotter used for spot welding;
Hammers of different types: inertial, reverse and with a sharp striker;
Notching block.

Recently, it has become popular to carry out vacuum straightening. This procedure allows you to eliminate bruises on a metal surface many times faster. Vacuum straightening is carried out using special suction cups.

Note. This type of straightening is suitable for large dents, but if there are scratches on the surface, this method is not recommended.

Anti-corrosion treatment

On the “six” the following elements are most susceptible to corrosion:

Hollow parts;
Lower areas of doors and pillars;
Welding and joining areas.

Note. The owner of a VAZ 2106 car needs to be extremely attentive to the penetration of moisture and dirt into the area of hidden cavities of the body and into its lower parts. In order to further protect these parts of the body from corrosion, they are treated with anticorrosive, and the soldering of individual elements is treated with a special mastic.

Algorithm for carrying out work on anti-corrosion treatment of hidden cavities of the “six” body

Here are the instructions to follow:

Place the “Six” on the overpass;
Remove the upholstery and all parts that interfere with work;
Treat the cavities and lower area of the machine with water through the drainage holes. Wash until clean water flows out;
Move the car indoors;
Apply anticorrosive agent to all places indicated in the photo.

Anticorrosive agents for treating the body of VAZ 2106

Name of composition for anti-corrosion treatment	Anticorrosive brand	Working viscosity at 20 degrees according to VZ-4	Solvent	Drying mode temperature/time
Threshold auto-preservative	Movil, Movil-2	15-40	White spirit, gasoline	20 degrees/30 min
Protective lubricant (non-drying)	NGM-ML	45	White Spirit	20 degrees/15 min
Protective film coating	BPM-1	High viscosity	Xylene, solvent	100 degrees/30 min
Polyvinyl chloride compound	Plastisol D-11A	High viscosity	Xylene, solvent	130 degrees/30 min

Video body repair of a VAZ 2106 and useful photo materials will help you learn recommendations for repairing and restoring the body much faster.

“Sixes” have been driving along domestic roads for a long time, remaining on the move. The quality of the body iron is very good, but requires restoration over time. Even if the car is new, it may need body repairs after an accident. You can do this yourself in the garage, knowing what types of body repairs exist and following the instructions for carrying them out.

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What is the “six” body like?

To manufacture the main elements of the “six” body, a stamping method was used, thanks to which the metal parts do not age so quickly. The connections of the parts are made by welding. The car frame includes sills, engine frame, reinforcing cross members, floor elements, front and rear parts.

The body of the “six” is a four-door sedan with the following removable parts:

doors with roll-down windows;
hood;
trunk lid;
fuel tank hatch.

Body parameters: length – 411 cm, height – 144 cm, width – 161 cm. Wheelbase is 242 cm, weight is 1045 kg. The car is equipped with tempered glass, except for the windshield, it is three-layer. The rear window is heated. The bottom is protected by a moisture-proof substrate with sound-insulating gaskets. There is special plastic on the trunk floor, and carpet in the cabin.

The bumpers are chrome-plated with protective rubber bumpers and decorative plastic sidewalls. The doors consist of a top and bottom panel connected by welding. Rotary type locks have a blocker. The hood lock is opened using a handle from the interior, which is connected to it by a cable drive.

On the front panel of the cabin there are: control keys, instrument panel, ashtray, cigarette lighter, glove compartment and shelf for small items.

Body repair: types and instructions

If the body damage is minor, the car owner can handle the repairs on his own. Body repair includes the following types of work:

Restoration of the body and its geometry. If there are violations, the car may malfunction while driving, fuel consumption increases, and the car is more difficult to drive. This increases the risk of accidents on the road.
Straightening.
Slip works.
Painting. Full or selective.
Restoring coating after rust. Treatment of areas that were susceptible to corrosion processes with special converters, coating the surface with protective agents against rust.
Polishing. It is carried out to restore the coating by removing scratches and small defects.
Removing dents. Straightening areas while preserving paintwork.
Welding work.
Threshold repair.
Bumper processing.

Straightening

This is the main type of body work, the purpose of which is to restore the tension belt. They are carried out in 2 stages: knocking out with a wooden mallet and final straightening with rubber hammers.

For straightening work you need to prepare the following tools:

Hammers and mallets for knocking out.

Anvils and dies to hold parts being repaired.
Various hood devices: levers, carabiners, hooks, etc.

Impact blades and spoons.
A machine or file for grinding. Sometimes they use an abrasive wheel mounted on a grinder.
The spotter is designed for spot welding.
A smoother is a special hammer used to smooth out uneven surfaces.
Hammer with notches.

Installation of plastic wings

Installing plastic parts on a VAZ 2106 will not only decorate the car, but will reduce the overall weight of the body. There are several ways to carry out this procedure; most often, wing pads are installed. The products are made from high-strength fiberglass.

Installation on the car is simple. First you need to thoroughly clean the metal body panel. Then apply a layer of sealant to the inside edge. The arch is applied to the body panel and after the time specified in the instructions for the sealant, excess glue is removed. If defects appear after installation, they can be eliminated with high-quality panel putty.

You can ensure a high-quality fit of the arches by covering the area in which the work is being done with tape and applying putty and hardener to the uneven areas. An additional wing can be used. Apply it to the seat with putty applied and, after the composition has cooled, secure it with metal screws.

Putty allows you to mask the gaps formed between the wing and the trim. If a complete replacement of the standard wing is necessary, then it must be dismantled and a new part installed.

Body welding work

On a VAZ 2106 you most often have to work with thin metal, so you need to have a MIG machine in addition to a welding machine. The connection of individual elements is made using spot welding. For this operation, a unit in the form of a transformer with clamps is used. The two electrodes come into contact and under the influence of high temperatures the elements are welded together. Spot welding is used to repair doors, trunk lids, and fenders.

Step-by-step instructions for repairing and replacing thresholds

Thresholds most often require repair or replacement. They are close to the road surface, so they are constantly exposed to dirt, water, sand and stones. The metal in these places is not of the best quality and has insufficient protection against corrosion.

For the work, it is necessary to prepare welding equipment and other tools, as well as primer and paint materials.

Thresholds are repaired only when dents and rust damage are minor. In most cases, they need to be replaced, so you need to buy new parts. Repair consists of removing rust, smoothing out dents, puttying and painting.

The replacement takes place in stages:

First you need to check the hinges on the doors to make sure that the reason for the sagging is in them and not in the thresholds.
We cut out the rotted part of the thresholds with a grinder or using a hacksaw and a chisel.
Having removed the outer part, we proceed to cutting out the metal amplifier. Some VAZ 2106 models may not have them.

Next, remove any rusty residue and thoroughly clean the surface.

On the new amplifier, we make holes with a drill in increments of 5-7 cm. Then we weld it, connecting it to the body pillars.
We clean the welds and remove traces of slag.
We take the outer part of the threshold and try it on, bend it and cut out all the excess, adjusting the dimensions. We screw it to the body with self-tapping screws.

Next, we hang the doors and check that they hang evenly in relation to the thresholds.
We carry out welding work from the central pillar; it is recommended to weld the top and bottom. The rigidity of the body in this place depends on the quality of welding
At the final stage we prime and paint.

For repair work, it is advisable to have an assistant to help hold the parts. But you can fix the thresholds with clamps and clips.

Bottom update

Another area where welding work is carried out is the bottom. When replacing thresholds, it is impossible not to affect the floor of the car; it is also subject to significant corrosion. Repairs should be carried out with whole large sheets of metal so that there are fewer welding seams, as they quickly rust and require the use of a large amount of anti-corrosion agent.

On any car, the underbody acts as the base on which the body panels are mounted. Therefore it must be very durable. From areas damaged by rust, corrosion spreads throughout the body. After welding work, it is necessary to treat the bottom with protective agents against corrosion.

Anti-corrosion treatment can be carried out in two ways:

Passive. Simple insulation of metal parts from the influence of the external environment is carried out. The treatment is carried out with a rubber-based mastic, but it is difficult to apply in hard-to-reach places.
Active. During processing, a special layer is created that will prevent the onset of corrosion processes. Liquid formulations such as Movil are used. To ensure that the product penetrates into all areas of the bottom, it is applied using a sprayer. Modern means not only stop oxidative processes, but also restore the metal coating. Examples of such products are “Omega-1”, “MAK”, “Nova”.

The condition of the body must be regularly monitored, since it holds all the main parts of the car.

Body repair of VAZ 2106. Replacement of the rear panel