Four-command radio control system. Making a radio control for an airplane. Diagram for setting up the remote control of a radio-controlled car 4 VS
DIY radio control for 12 commands
The scheme allows manage models or other devices and loads on distance.Up to 8 buttons can be pressed simultaneously. The circuit is easy to manufacture and requires only firmware for the controllers after assembly. Command execution indicators – LEDs. Of course, you can connect, for example, the gates of powerful field-effect transistors or bases of bipolar transistors to the corresponding outputs of the processor through current-limiting resistors.
Transmitter circuit:
Receiver
Super regenerator: With the ratings indicated in the diagram and working parts, it has 100% repeatability.
His adjustment consists only of moving apart turns of the loop coil and selecting the coupling capacitance with the antenna. The 3rd output of the decoder controller is used to control the passage of the signal during setup (software-connected output of the internal comparator). You can control it using a regular ULF.
Receiver decoder – PIC16F628A, it decodes and executes received commands.
The encoder-decoder system can work both over wires and with other receivers and transmitters. Each parcel of 0 and 1 from the encoder side is “painted” with 5.5 kHz oscillations for better noise immunity + checksum transmission.
The receiver must be powered from a stabilized 5 volt source (not shown in the diagram, the board has a 5 A ROLL + diode). The transmitter is powered from 3.6 volts but not more than 5.5 volts (the board has a 5A ROLL + diode).
The pattern of pressed buttons in PORTB (pins 6 - 13) on the transmitting part is completely reflected on the receiving part in PORTB (pins 6 - 13), respectively. The picture of the pressed buttons in PORTA (3>2, 4>15,15>16, 16>17).
In this article, you will see how to make a radio control for 10 commands with your own hands. The range of this device is 200 meters on the ground and more than 400m in the air.
The diagram was taken from the website vrtp.ru
Transmitter
Receiver
The buttons can be pressed in any order, although everything works stably at once. Using it, you can control different loads: garage doors, lights, model airplanes, cars, and so on... In general, anything, it all depends on your imagination.
For work we need a list of parts:
1) PIC16F628A-2 pcs (microcontroller) (link to aliexpress pic16f628a
)
2) MRF49XA-2 pcs (radio transmitter) (link to aliexpress MRF 49 XA
)
3) 47nH inductor (or wind it yourself) - 6 pcs
Capacitors:
4) 33 uF (electrolytic) - 2 pcs.
5) 0.1 uF-6 pcs
6) 4.7 pF-4 pcs
7) 18 pF - 2 pcs
Resistors
8) 100 Ohm - 1 piece
9) 560 Ohm - 10 pcs
10) 1 Com-3 pieces
11) LED - 1 piece
12) buttons - 10 pcs.
13) Quartz 10MHz-2 pcs
14) Textolite
15) Soldering iron
As you can see, the device consists of a minimum of parts and can be done by anyone. You just have to want it. The device is very stable, after assembly it works immediately. The circuit can be made as on a printed circuit board. Same with mounted installation (especially for the first time, it will be easier to program). First, we make the board. Print it out
And we poison the board.
We solder all the components, it is better to solder PIC16F628A as the last one, since it will still need to be programmed. First of all, solder the MRF49XA
The main thing is to be very careful, she has very subtle conclusions. Capacitors for clarity. The most important thing is not to confuse the poles on the 33 uF capacitor since its terminals are different, one is +, the other is -. All other capacitors can be soldered as you wish, they have no polarity on the terminals
You can use purchased 47nH coils, but it’s better to wind them yourself, they are all the same (6 turns of 0.4 wire on a 2 mm mandrel)
When everything is soldered, we check everything well. Next we take PIC16F628A, it needs to be programmed. I used PIC KIT 2 lite and a homemade socket
Here is the link to the programmer ( Pic Kit2 )
Here is the connection diagram
It's all simple, so don't be scared. For those who are far from electronics, I advise you not to start with SMD components, but to buy everything in DIP size. I did this myself for the first time
And it all really worked the first time
Open the program, select our microcontroller
For radio control of various models and toys, discrete and proportional action equipment can be used.
The main difference between proportional-action equipment and discrete equipment is that it allows, at the operator’s commands, to deflect the model’s rudders to any desired angle and smoothly change the speed and direction of its movement “Forward” or “Backward”.
The construction and installation of proportional-action equipment is quite complex and is not always within the capabilities of a novice radio amateur.
Although discrete-action equipment has limited capabilities, they can be expanded by using special technical solutions. Therefore, next we will consider single-command control equipment suitable for wheeled, flying and floating models.
Transmitter circuit
To control models within a radius of 500 m, as experience shows, it is enough to have a transmitter with an output power of about 100 mW. Transmitters for radio-controlled models typically operate within a range of 10 m.
Single-command control of the model is carried out as follows. When a control command is given, the transmitter emits high-frequency electromagnetic oscillations, in other words, it generates a single carrier frequency.
The receiver, which is located on the model, receives the signal sent by the transmitter, as a result of which the actuator is activated.
Rice. 1. Schematic diagram of the radio-controlled model transmitter.
As a result, the model, obeying the command, changes the direction of movement or carries out one instruction that is pre-built into the design of the model. Using a single-command control model, you can make the model perform quite complex movements.
The diagram of a single-command transmitter is shown in Fig. 1. The transmitter includes a master high-frequency oscillator and a modulator.
The master oscillator is assembled on transistor VT1 according to a three-point capacitive circuit. The L2, C2 circuit of the transmitter is tuned to the frequency of 27.12 MHz, which is allocated by the State Telecommunications Supervision Authority for radio control of models.
The DC operating mode of the generator is determined by selecting the resistance value of resistor R1. The high-frequency oscillations created by the generator are radiated into space by an antenna connected to the circuit through the matching inductor L1.
The modulator is made on two transistors VT1, VT2 and is a symmetrical multivibrator. The modulated voltage is removed from the collector load R4 of transistor VT2 and supplied to the common power circuit of transistor VT1 of the high-frequency generator, which ensures 100% modulation.
The transmitter is controlled by the SB1 button, connected to the general power circuit. The master oscillator does not operate continuously, but only when the SB1 button is pressed, when current pulses generated by the multivibrator appear.
High-frequency oscillations created by the master oscillator are sent to the antenna in separate portions, the repetition frequency of which corresponds to the frequency of the modulator pulses.
Transmitter parts
The transmitter uses transistors with a base current transfer coefficient h21e of at least 60. Resistors are MLT-0.125 type, capacitors are K10-7, KM-6.
The matching antenna coil L1 has 12 turns PEV-1 0.4 and is wound on a unified frame from a pocket receiver with a tuning ferrite core of grade 100NN with a diameter of 2.8 mm.
Coil L2 is frameless and contains 16 turns of PEV-1 0.8 wire wound on a mandrel with a diameter of 10 mm. An MP-7 type microswitch can be used as a control button.
The transmitter parts are mounted on a printed circuit board made of foil fiberglass. The transmitter antenna is a piece of elastic steel wire with a diameter of 1...2 mm and a length of about 60 cm, which is connected directly to socket X1 located on the printed circuit board.
All transmitter parts must be enclosed in an aluminum housing. There is a control button on the front panel of the case. A plastic insulator must be installed where the antenna passes through the housing wall to socket XI to prevent the antenna from touching the housing.
Setting up the transmitter
With known good parts and correct installation, the transmitter does not require any special adjustment. You just need to make sure that it is working and, by changing the inductance of the L1 coil, achieve maximum transmitter power.
To check the operation of the multivibrator, you need to connect high-impedance headphones between the VT2 collector and the plus of the power source. When the SB1 button is closed, a low-pitched sound corresponding to the frequency of the multivibrator should be heard in the headphones.
To check the functionality of the HF generator, it is necessary to assemble a wavemeter according to the diagram in Fig. 2. The circuit is a simple detector receiver, in which coil L1 is wound with PEV-1 wire with a diameter of 1...1.2 mm and contains 10 turns with a tap from 3 turns.
Rice. 2. Schematic diagram of a wave meter for setting up the transmitter.
The coil is wound with a pitch of 4 mm on a plastic frame with a diameter of 25 mm. A DC voltmeter with a relative input resistance of 10 kOhm/V or a microammeter for a current of 50...100 μA is used as an indicator.
The wavemeter is assembled on a small plate made of foil fiberglass laminate 1.5 mm thick. Having turned on the transmitter, place the wave meter at a distance of 50...60 cm from it. When the HF generator is working properly, the wave meter needle deviates at a certain angle from the zero mark.
By tuning the RF generator to a frequency of 27.12 MHz, shifting and spreading the turns of the L2 coil, the maximum deflection of the voltmeter needle is achieved.
The maximum power of high-frequency oscillations emitted by the antenna is obtained by rotating the core of the coil L1. Setting up the transmitter is considered complete if the voltmeter of the wave meter at a distance of 1...1.2 m from the transmitter shows a voltage of at least 0.05 V.
Receiver circuit
To control the model, radio amateurs quite often use receivers built according to a super-regenerator circuit. This is due to the fact that the super-regenerative receiver, having a simple design, has a very high sensitivity, on the order of 10...20 µV.
The diagram of the super-regenerative receiver for the model is shown in Fig. 3. The receiver is assembled on three transistors and is powered by a Krona battery or another 9 V source.
The first stage of the receiver is a super-regenerative detector with self-quenching, made on transistor VT1. If the antenna does not receive a signal, then this cascade generates pulses of high-frequency oscillations, following with a frequency of 60...100 kHz. This is the blanking frequency, which is set by capacitor C6 and resistor R3.
Rice. 3. Schematic diagram of a super-regenerative receiver of a radio-controlled model.
Amplification of the selected command signal by the super-regenerative detector of the receiver occurs as follows. Transistor VT1 is connected according to a common base circuit and its collector current pulsates with a quenching frequency.
If there is no signal at the receiver input, these pulses are detected and create some voltage on resistor R3. At the moment the signal arrives at the receiver, the duration of the individual pulses increases, which leads to an increase in the voltage across resistor R3.
The receiver has one input circuit L1, C4, which is tuned to the transmitter frequency using the coil core L1. The connection between the circuit and the antenna is capacitive.
The control signal received by the receiver is allocated to resistor R4. This signal is 10...30 times less than the blanking frequency voltage.
To suppress interfering voltage with a quenching frequency, a filter L3, C7 is included between the super-regenerative detector and the voltage amplifier.
In this case, at the filter output, the voltage of the blanking frequency is 5... 10 times less than the amplitude of the useful signal. The detected signal is fed through separating capacitor C8 to the base of transistor VT2, which is a low-frequency amplification stage, and then to an electronic relay assembled on transistor VTZ and diodes VD1, VD2.
The signal amplified by the transistor VTZ is rectified by diodes VD1 and VD2. The rectified current (negative polarity) is supplied to the base of the VTZ transistor.
When a current appears at the input of the electronic relay, the collector current of the transistor increases and relay K1 is activated. A pin 70...100 cm long can be used as a receiver antenna. The maximum sensitivity of a super-regenerative receiver is set by selecting the resistance of resistor R1.
Receiver parts and installation
The receiver is mounted using a printed method on a board made of foil fiberglass laminate with a thickness of 1.5 mm and dimensions of 100x65 mm. The receiver uses the same types of resistors and capacitors as the transmitter.
The superregenerator circuit coil L1 has 8 turns of PELSHO 0.35 wire, wound turn to turn on a polystyrene frame with a diameter of 6.5 mm, with a tuning ferrite core of grade 100NN with a diameter of 2.7 mm and a length of 8 mm. The chokes have inductance: L2 - 8 µH, and L3 - 0.07...0.1 µH.
Electromagnetic relay K1 type RES-6 with a winding resistance of 200 Ohms.
Receiver setup
Tuning the receiver begins with a super-regenerative cascade. Connect high-impedance headphones in parallel with capacitor C7 and turn on the power. The noise that appears in the headphones indicates that the super-regenerative detector is working properly.
By changing the resistance of resistor R1, maximum noise in the headphones is achieved. The voltage amplification cascade on transistor VT2 and the electronic relay do not require special adjustment.
By selecting the resistance of resistor R7, a receiver sensitivity of about 20 μV is achieved. The final configuration of the receiver is carried out together with the transmitter.
If you connect headphones in parallel to the winding of relay K1 in the receiver and turn on the transmitter, then a loud noise should be heard in the headphones. Tuning the receiver to the transmitter frequency causes the noise in the headphones to disappear and the relay to operate.
Prepared by engineer M.I. Zinger
How to make a receiver and transmitter for radio control of models with simultaneous submission of two commands
Consultation No. 20
Dear comrade!
Before you begin building a radio transmitting device to control models, you must obtain permission from the State Telecommunications Inspectorate. Below are excerpts from the Instruction on the procedure for registration and operation of amateur radio stations, approved by the Minister of Communications on February 25, 1967.
Clause 5. The construction (purchase) of amateur radio stations can be carried out after receiving from the State Telecommunications Inspectorate of the regional (territorial) department of the Ministry of Communications or the Ministry of Communications of the Union Republic a notice of permission for the construction (purchase) and operation of a radio transmitting device .
Clause 6. To obtain permission to build (acquire) and operate an amateur short-wave or ultra-short-wave radio station for collective or individual use, organizations and individual radio amateurs submit through DOSAAF committees or radio clubs to the State Telecommunications Inspectorate of the regional (regional) department of the Ministry of Communications the following documents:
a) Application form with a photograph in copy 1;
b) Petition of the local DOSAAF committee in copy 1.
Clause 24. Amateur transmitters for individual and collective use for radio-controlled models are allowed to operate with a power of no more than 1 W, type A2 radiation with a radiation bandwidth of no more than 25 kHz, with the transmission of telecontrol commands in the 28.0 range - 28.2 MHz and 144 - 146 MHz and at a frequency of 27.12 MHz ± 0.05%.
The use of such transmitters for radio communications is STRICTLY PROHIBITED.
Clause 26. Transmitters for radio-controlled models are allowed to be used only on the territory
region (region, republic) where the permit was issued, Clause 27. When leaving for competitions in another region (region, republic), the owner of the transmitter is obliged to obtain a temporary permit from the local State Telecommunications Inspectorate for the right to export the transmitter, indicating the location appointment and duration of stay at competitions. of the issued temporary permit must be sent to the State Telecommunications Inspectorate at the competition site. Clause 28, For the manufacture, storage and use of radio transmitting devices without the permission of the State Telecommunications Inspectorate, the owners of these devices, depending on the nature of the violation they committed, bear criminal or administrative liability in accordance with the decrees of the Presidiums of the Supreme Councils of the Union Republics “On Liability -nosti for the illegal manufacture and use of radio transmitting devices.”
This consultation uses components and circuits developed by the author together with M. Vasilchenko. All equipment is made using publicly available parts that can be purchased in radio stores or through Posyltorg databases. The equipment set consists of a transmitting and receiving device.
The operating principle of the radio control device for the models is as follows. The operator has a transmitter with a control panel. The control panel circuit has an encoder, the main components of which are two generators tuned to different frequencies in the audio range, and a switch. Turning generators on and off (sending commands) is carried out by pressing and releasing the corresponding buttons on the remote control. Using an electronic switch, the generators are alternately connected to the modulator of the powerful transmitter stage for approximately 0.025 s. The switching process of generators occurs continuously. When you press the command button for one of the generators, the transmitter emits a series of radio pulses for 0.025 s, the repetition frequency of which is equal to the frequency of the switched-on low-frequency generator. For the next 0.025 s, the transmitter emits an unmodulated signal. When you press the command buttons, two generator-transmitter generators at once, alternately, every 0.025 s, will be modulated with different sound frequencies. The radio control receiver is located on the model. It contains a decoder. The modulated transmitter signal is amplified and detected by the receiving part of the model, as a result of which low-frequency signals of the given commands are isolated. The decoder uses selective relays to separate command signals, each of which is activated only when a signal of a certain low frequency appears at its input. The outputs of selective relays are connected to the corresponding actuators (electric motor or electromagnetic).
TRANSMISSION DEVICE
The transmitting device (Fig. 1) includes three autonomous units: a transmitter with a modulator, an encoder with a switch and control panel, and a power battery.
The transmitter with modulator consists of a master oscillator (77, T2), power amplifier (TK) and modulator (T4, T5). is a push-pull self-oscillator, the frequency of which is set by a capacitor C5 in the range 28.0 - 28.2 MHz. The connection between the master oscillator and the power amplifier is inductive. power is assembled on a P609 type transistor according to a circuit with a common base. Carrier modulation is carried out by turning off the transistor TK audio frequency command signals. Audio frequency voltage is supplied to the base of the transistor T4 and opens it completely, which leads to the transistor turning off T5. In the absence of modulation, the transistor T5 is open and the transmitter continuously emits a carrier frequency.
A novice designer can be recommended to exclude the contour L3 C8 in the collector power amplifier and between the capacitor C7 and turn on the extension coil with the antenna. Despite the loss in efficiency and loss of power, in this case the adjustment is greatly simplified if the signal level in the antenna is sufficient. A length of 120 mm is used as a transmitting antenna.
Rice. 1. Schematic diagram of the transmitting device
The encoder block consists of two low-frequency generators (T6, T7 And T8, T9), control cascades (T10 And T11) and electronic switch [T12 And T13). Low frequency generators are assembled according to a vibrator circuit with a series oscillatory circuit. multivibrator is determined by the parameters of the circuit, i.e. inductance L4 and one of the capacitors C16 or C17 for the first generator and, accordingly, inductance L5 and capacitors C18 or C19 for the second one. Capacitors are connected using buttons Kn1-Kn4(giving commands). In this case, each generator is designed for two commands, but if necessary, their number can be increased.
Sound vibrations from low-frequency generators are supplied to control transistors T10 And T11 respectively, which operate in electronic key mode. The operation of electronic keys is controlled by a switch (T12, T13), assembled according to a symmetrical multivibrator circuit, turning them on one by one for a time of 0.025 s. The transmitter and encoders are powered by three 3336 L batteries connected in series.
Manufacturing of the transmitting device. All inductors and chokes of the transmitter and encoder unit are homemade. Reels And L3 wound on a polystyrene frame with a diameter of 7 - 8 mm and a height of 20 - 25 mm. At the end of the frame there is a hole for an MZ screw for attaching the coil to the mounting board. The windings contain 14 turns of wire PEV-1 0 0.8 mm with a tap from the middle. Communication coil L2 wraps around the reel Y in its middle part and contains three turns of mounting wire PMVG 0 0.35 or similar. Winding is single-layer, turn to turn. Choke winding Dr1 made on the body of the VS-1 resistor with a resistance of more than 50 kOhm and contains 170 - 180 turns of PEV-1 0 0.2 mm wire. Dr1 about 50 μG. Trimmer capacitor C5 PDA type with a capacity of 5 - 20 pF. Reels L4 And L5 made in B18 armor cores and contain 1500 turns of PEV-1 0 0.1 mm wire. In the absence of B18 type cores, they can be replaced with an SB28a core, increasing the number of winding turns to 3000. The P609 transistor can be replaced with two P416 type transistors connected in parallel. Such a replacement will lead to a decrease in the power in the antenna, but the range of the equipment will be quite sufficient for the first experiments in radio control. Extension coil switched on when there is no circuit L3 C2 contains 160 turns of PEL-1 wire with a diameter of 0.8 on a frame with a diameter of 7 mm.
Rice. 2. Transmitter circuit board
Rice. 3. Encoder mounting block
Capacitors NW, C4 And C8 type KTK, KDK or KLS. The remaining non-polar capacitors can be one of the types MBM, BM, KSO and KLS. Electrolytic capacitors of the EM or “” type. All resistors are ULM-0.125 or MLT-0.5.
As switching elements Kn1 - Kn4 Buttons of any type can be used, but without locking. It is advisable to use two-position switches with the lever locked in the neutral position or make them yourself based on switches of the VT-3.602.011 type.
Adjustment of the transmitting device. Having carefully checked the quality of soldering and the absence of short circuits, turn on the power and measure the total current consumption. It should be no more than 80 - 100. The milliammeter is connected to the common wire between the switch and the power source. Usually, the master generator, if the parts are in good condition, immediately starts working. The master oscillator and power amplifier should be adjusted using a wave meter or on the scale of a connected receiver having the specified range. By installing a capacitor C5 desired frequency, adjust the output circuit L3 C8 according to the maximum readings of the wave meter. Produced with a connected antenna. A small (10 cm) wire is connected to the wave meter and carried away from the transmitter at such a distance that the wave meter device does not go off scale. If you have a tube voltmeter, connect a remote high-frequency detector probe to the base of the antenna and adjust the output L3 C8 according to the highest voltmeter readings. In the absence of an output circuit, setting up the transmitter is reduced to setting the desired frequency of the master oscillator. To check the operation modulator, briefly short-circuit the collector with the emitter of the transistor T4. In this case, the total current consumption of the transmitter should sharply decrease to 20 - 30 mA. The final adjustment of the circuits is carried out after installing the transmitter in the housing.
To adjust the encoder block, connect a power source to it and measure the total current consumption, which should not exceed 25 mA. If the current exceeds the specified value, it is necessary to carry out a step-by-step test of the transistor currents. Approximate values of currents and switching on of the milliampere meter are shown in Fig. 1. Checking the functionality of the switch consists of measuring the emitter-collector voltage of the transistors T12 and 773. This voltage should be equal to approximately half the supply voltage, i.e., about 6 V. Properly assembled, it does not require any adjustment.
The operating frequencies of the low frequency generators are as follows: for the first command - 1750 Hz, for the second - 2500 Hz, third - 3250 Hz and fourth - 4000 Hz. In accordance with the above motor data, the inductance of the coils L4- L5-0.4 G. The approximate values of the capacitances of the loop capacitors will be as follows: C16-20000 pF (1750 Hz), C17-10000 PF (2500 Hz), C78-6200 pF (3250 Hz) and C7P-3900 pF (4000 Hz). More precise tuning to command frequencies is carried out by selecting the indicated capacitors. To check the low-frequency generator, you must press one of the command buttons for this generator. low frequencies that occur when a command is given can be observed using an oscilloscope, the input of which is connected to a resistor R14. In the absence of an oscilloscope, use a tester to measure the voltage across the resistor R14. Without a command, it is practically equal to zero; when a command is given, it increases to 1B. The second generator intends to use a resistor R23. Having achieved normal operation of the low-frequency generators and the switch, proceed to setting the modulation frequencies. You can measure the modulation frequency using an oscilloscope frequency meter and an audio generator using Lissajous patterns. In the latter case, the low-frequency signal voltage from the resistor R14 or R23 is supplied to the input of the vertical amplifier of the oscilloscope, and the voltage from the sound generator is supplied to the input of the horizontal amplifier (the oscilloscope sweep is turned off). If the frequencies of the signals from the sound generator and from the generator of the transmitting device are equal, a stationary closed circuit similar in shape to a circle or ellipse will appear on the oscilloscope screen.
If there are no measuring instruments, proceed as follows. The command frequencies are set approximately, maintaining the desired relationships between them, and fine tuning to the command frequencies is carried out in the decoders of the receiving device. It is known that to double the circuit tuning frequency, with the inductance remaining constant, the value of the capacitor should be reduced by four times. On the other hand, doubling the circuit capacitance will lead to a decrease in the tuning frequency by 1.4 times. Thus, taking the value of the capacitance C16-6.02 uF for each next command, we will install capacitors with a capacity half as much as the previous one, i.e. 10,000 pFg, 5000 pF, 2500 pF, etc. In this case, if the first one was, for example, 1700 Hz, then for subsequent capacitances we will receive respectively frequencies of 2400, 3400, 4800 Hz, etc.
The calculation is given as an example only. To avoid frequency multiplicity, the capacitance of the capacitors should be changed not by two, but by 1.7 - 1.8 times.
Transmitter modulator (T4 And T5) does not require selection of any elements. If the transmitting device is working properly, issuing two commands at the same time causes a decrease in the total current consumption by approximately 30 - 40%.
RECEIVER
Prepared by engineer Marat Isakovich Singer
Editor E. I. Menshenina
Technical editor M. A. Medvedeva
Corrector R. M. Rykunina,
Signed for publication on 7/22/74. Edition No. 2/288з Format 84X108 1/32.
Conditional p.l. 0.84 Academic ed. l. 0.85
Publishing house DOSAAF, B-66, Novoryazanskaya st., l. 26
Publishing house DOSAAF. Zach. 479
The most beloved and at the same time difficult electronic toys for young radio amateurs.
Radio control of models
The article is a series of publications on the design and operation of radio control equipment for electromechanical toys and models.
Selecting a model and control system
There are several radio communication systems that can be used for telecontrol. We will not consider all of them, and not all of them will suit us. First you need to decide on the future radio control system. And it is advisable to decide on the choice of a specific model of electromechanical toy right away, so as not to have to worry about the problem of placing electronics inside the car model.
Transmitter
There is a rare exception to the rule when the transmitter of a communication system is simpler than the receiver. This is the case here, so let’s begin our introduction to telecontrol by making a transmitter, which in fact turns out to be quite universal and suitable for various control models.
Single command receiver
Now it’s the turn of the receiver for the model radio control system. In the simplest case, this is a single-command device, the function of which is quite sufficient for the model to move and turn, albeit only in one direction.
Two-channel four-command receiver
A more complex version of the receiving device for the model remote control system via radio. The name speaks for itself: the equipment allows the toy to execute four commands, providing the entire range of movement along the plane.
Selecting a discrete proportional control model
A more complex telecontrol system for models is discrete-proportional, which allows you to radically improve the controllability of the toy. But the problem of choosing a model also becomes more complicated: it must be compatible with the principle of the radio control system.
Transmitter for controlling flying models
Controlling flying models (airplanes) is a very exciting activity for children. Fighting competitions on cord models are still held somewhere. But a model equipped with a radio telecontrol system is the ultimate dream of any boy. This article describes how to make a two-channel control system for flying models from discrete-proportional equipment.
