The flying saucer engine is German and its creators. German "flying saucers". Did they exist? What really happened
What do we know about UFOs? Not much, if not nothing at all. From the testimony of witnesses, unidentified flying objects most often have the shape of a disk, less often - a cigar. They have the ability to instantly move, hover and disappear. Many cases of their flight at low altitudes and hulls have been recorded. At the same time, not a single scientist or ufologist is ready to declare that UFOs are of purely extraterrestrial origin. On the other hand, all flying objects that have ever been created by human hands: a balloon, an airship, an airplane, a helicopter - have nothing in common with flying disks.
In the twentieth century, unidentified flying objects were practically seen. They were especially often seen over Mexico, the USA and Canada. But ten years before the alien ship crashed into the McBrazelle ranch near Roswell, New Mexico, a flying saucer crashed into a village in Nazi Germany. Then alien technologies fell into the hands of German engineers, which actually became the basis of the secret V-3 project, and allowed them to create a prototype of a flying disk. The USA and the USSR hid this fact behind seven seals for many 70 years.
PLATES OF THE THIRD REICH: HOW IT STARTED.
In 1937, when Nazi Germany was “rising from the ashes” of the old German republic and becoming a true superpower in the European space, an incredible event occurred: an alien ship crashed in a German village. A team from the Luftwaffe and the German Ministry of Defense collected everything that had survived the accident and sifted the soil in the impact area twice. At that time, the Germans were incredibly lucky. Since 1930, they had been actively working on creating disk-shaped aircraft, but a fallen object significantly advanced them in this direction: the Nazi disk was launched into the sky already in 1938.
At one time, American and Soviet researchers tried to convince society that Nazi Germany could not have possessed such technologies. And the story of the space discovery is nothing more than a fiction to instill fear in nearby enemies. But in 1950, the newspaper Il Mattino dell’Italia Centrale plucked up courage and published an interview with Italian engineer Giuseppe Belluso. The publication claimed that he was one of those who worked on the V-3 project - Hitler's flying saucer. They managed to create an object that was faster than any other known aircraft at that time. It used a special type of engine that allowed the disc to move in the air along any trajectory and perform complex pirouettes.
VICTOR SCHAUBERGER – A MAN AHEAD OF TIME
The prototype of the flying saucer could not be created without the unique engine of Viktor Schaubergen. (It looks like Belluso was right - such a machine existed.) The Austrian scientist from a family of hereditary foresters is known to the world as the author of fundamental ones. He gave humanity new and limitless sources of energy. Many of his discoveries were in demand only after decades, and only because they did not find understanding among his contemporaries of the 20-40s.
One of his scientific discoveries, the vortex engine - . The scientist learned its principle of operation from nature, observing the turbulence of water in a river. Thanks to him, the Germans received a power plant that creates colossal lifting force. They managed to create a flying saucer and conduct a number of successful tests.
BELONCE PROJECT
The active phase of development of the Belonce project occurred in 1943-1945. Germany at that time suffered greatly from night bombing. German engineers built experimental wheels from steel and aluminum. Steel was too heavy for the bodies of the new aircraft. And aluminum is too soft and not strong enough to withstand the internal stresses during the casting process of disk molds. The Germans tried to unravel the formula of the metal from the crashed saucer in 1937, but could not. Frustrated, they created their own version of the alloy from aluminum and magnesium. The metal turned out to be light and durable.
It is assumed that it was Belonce who received the power plant from Viktor Schauberger. Surviving archival documents indicate that the disc-shaped device had incredible technical characteristics: a flight altitude of up to 15 km. horizontal speed – 2,200 km/h. The aircraft instantly picked up speed, performed complex maneuvers and could hover in midair. But the war went on faster than the Germans could technically develop this and other projects of remotely controlled flying saucers. According to eyewitnesses, Belontse was destroyed before Soviet troops took the area where the plant was located.
In 1952, numerous eyewitness reports of flying discs were recorded in the United States. Suddenly the world remembered Hitler's plates. There remains hope that at least one prototype of flying discs has survived time. Or, at least, they were able to recreate it from surviving Nazi documents.
Having come to power in Germany, Hitler dreamed of world domination of the Third Reich, therefore, from the beginning of the 30s of the twentieth century, German scientists were actively developing secret weapons. One of these developments was “discoplanes,” better known to us all as unidentified flying objects.
The reason for the development of such unusual aircraft by the Germans is unknown. There is a version that in 1936 a UFO crashed near Freiburg and, thanks to this, the Germans acquired new technologies. However, most likely the reason for such developments was the need to create such aircraft, the shape of which will increase their speed and carrying capacity.
What the Germans discovered during their research
Carrying out numerous studies, the Germans turned their attention to the fact that the elliptical wing of an aircraft has less inductive drag when compared with a rectangular one, which is why the German attack aircraft had wings in the shape of an ellipse. Carrying out such developments, Reich scientists decided to go further and consider the circle option. Thus, Reich scientists developed disc planes, helicopter discs, vertical take-off and landing aircraft, and projectile discs. From the middle of World War II in some documents
Mention is made of encounters between people and unidentified flying objects in the shape of a disk, which could fly through a formation of attack aircraft at great speed and suddenly go out and disappear from the night sky. After the war, documents were discovered in the CIA archives about the study of captured samples that were developed by the Nazis, testing them after the war in the United States.
The most famous developers of disc planes were scientists Schriever, Habermohl, Zimmermann, Andreas Epp, Kurt Tank, Giuseppe Bellonze. One of the first developments of a vertical take-off flying machine was the Schriever-Habermohl flying saucer.
It was first tested in the Czech Republic in the early forties. The disadvantage of the device was strong vibration due to improper operation of the rotor. Testing of this model continued until the end of the war. In 1945, it was possible to achieve a horizontal flight speed of about two hundred kilometers per hour, but the diskette was lost during testing and was found only in 1952.
Since 1942, Giuseppe Bellonze began working on a new disc plane for attacks on enemy bombers; the device had blades along the edges and was a disk. When its blades rotated during flight, they cut everything in their path, and if at least one of the blades was lost, the center of gravity of the disk shifted, and the pilot lost the ability to control the disk. Rudolf Schriefer made more progress in the development of flying saucers.
An aircraft with a diameter of 67 meters was developed in Breslau, which could take off at a speed of 300 km/h and move about 2200 km/h. In the winter of 1945, an experimental flight was made to an altitude of 15,000 meters. Despite the success of the development, due to the tendency towards defeat in the war, the device was destroyed. Already at the end of the war, in 1945, the so-called Omega disk was developed. This disc-shaped helicopter was captured by the US Army in 1945, and was already tested there in 1946. In appearance it looked like a flying saucer with a large propeller. Several such discs were made after the war.
The conclusion may be simple: UFOs are created by people
Thus, it is hardly possible to talk about extraterrestrial origin
flying discs of the Third Reich, they were all the creation of the human mind. This means that the technology could be improved. This means that the UFOs that people see now are the work of man.
Today a lot is known about the developments of the Third Reich in the field of “flying saucers”, but over the years the questions have not diminished. How successful were the Germans in this? Was work curtailed after the war or continued in other, secret areas of the globe?
Against the principles
The history of real "flying saucers" begins in 1932 in Bucharest, where aircraft designer Henry Coanda created a disc-shaped flying machine. The principle of soaring was this: the air pressure above the “plate” simultaneously decreased and increased below. The phenomenon, which ran counter to traditional principles of flight, was called the “Coanda effect.”
The idea of a brilliant Romanian materialized already in Nazi Germany. The Nazis began creating unprecedented aircraft in Prague at the Skoda plant. In total, about 15 prototypes were developed.
First test
The first flying disc was tested at a secret test site in Peenemünde in September 1943. The device had gas turbine engines and developed a horizontal speed of about 700 km/h. The device looked like a basin turned upside down, with a diameter of 5-6 m. It was round around the perimeter and had a teardrop-shaped transparent cabin in the center. On the ground he rested on small rubber wheels. For takeoff and horizontal flight, it most likely used controlled nozzles. Due to the impossibility of accurately regulating the thrust of gas turbine engines or for some other reasons, it was extremely unstable in flight.
Wonder weapon
However, already in 1944, Hitler, in order to enlist the support of the allies, told the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini that he had an incredible new type of aircraft that could change the course of the war. Hitler called them "miracle weapons."
Later, Italy's chief military adviser Luigi Romersa was taken to the top-secret Skoda plant, where Luigi saw the first production "flying saucer". According to him, it was disc-shaped, with a plexiglass cockpit in the center, and all around were jet engines.
Disappearing drawings
After the defeat of Germany, the drawings and copies stored in Keitel's safes were not found. Several photographs of the strange disk and photographs of several pilots sitting in the cockpit of an unknown aircraft have been preserved. If it weren’t for the swastika painted on the side of the “saucer”, then the device hanging a meter from the ground next to a group of fascist officers could well pass for a UFO. The post-war fate of the “flying disc” designers is also unknown.
According to one of the war historians, American Colonel Wendelle C. Stevens, by the end of the war the Germans had nine research enterprises at which “flying disc” projects were tested. “Eight of these enterprises, along with scientists and key figures, were successfully evacuated from Germany. The ninth structure has been blown up... It is possible that some of these research facilities have been transported to a place called "New Swabia"... 
Goering mission
Perhaps the answer to the question “where did the “miracle weapon” project disappear and where is this “New Swabia” worth looking for in... Antarctica. It is known that German leaders showed interest in this lifeless region of the globe even on the eve of World War II. Moreover, the attention to Antarctica was exceptional.
So in 1938-39 a civilian expedition was carried out (with the cooperation of Lufthansa) to Antarctica. The budget of the expedition was about 3 million Reichsmarks. The ship "Schwabenland", which the Germans used for transatlantic research, left Hamburg on December 17, 1938, and on January 19, 1939 it had already reached the coastal Antarctic ice. Over the next weeks, the ship's seaplane made 15 flights, examining approximately 600 thousand square meters. km of territory. The most interesting discovery of the expedition was the discovery of small areas free of ice, with small lakes and vegetation. The expedition's geologists suggested that this was a consequence of the action of underground hot springs. The expedition commander, Ritscher, who returned to Hamburg, reported: “I have completed the mission entrusted to me by Marshal Goering!”
Ends in the water
The progress of subsequent German exploration of Antarctica was classified. It is only known that submarines secretly headed to the shores of Antarctica. There is information that for five years the Germans carried out carefully hidden work to create a Nazi secret base in Antarctica, codenamed “Base 211”. According to eyewitnesses, already from the beginning of 1939, regular (once every three months) voyages of the research vessel Swabia began between Antarctica and Germany. In addition to ships, submarines were also used in the “northern project,” including the top-secret formation “Fuhrer Convoy,” which included 35 submarines. At the very end of the war in Kiel, all military equipment was removed from these elite submarines and containers with some valuable cargo were loaded. The submarines also took on board some mysterious passengers and a large amount of food.
UFO era
The fate of only two boats from this convoy is known for certain. Both of these submarines arrived in the Argentine port of Mar del Plata in the summer of 1945 (July 10 and August 17, respectively) and surrendered to the authorities. It is completely incomprehensible how a submarine of this type could have been at sea for so long. The autonomy of such submarines does not exceed seven weeks. At the same time, the submariners felt quite well - while waiting for the Argentine minesweeper sent for them, they fed the albatross with sardines in oil... Interrogations of the German submariners yielded nothing.
And in 1947, pilot Cannot Arnold, while flying over the mountains of Washington state, noticed nine objects flying in the sky at incredible speeds. He compared the manner of their movement to saucers. The comparison was quite strange, but the name stuck. Thus began the “era of “flying saucers,” which greatly excited all of humanity...
Articles about disc planes resembling UFO flying saucers, which appeared in the mid-20th century, aroused great interest and a lot of controversy and speculation. There were reports that they were spotted in Germany, Italy, and on the Mediterranean coast. One of the articles was written by an aviation expert and aroused particular interest. Such notes were followed by a denial from the authorities, who insisted that such disc planes had not been discovered. Of course, many guessed that these statements were implausible.
"V-7" - flying disc of the Third Reich
Someone named Miethe Richard stated that such devices existed, and there was confirmation of this. He said that 10 years ago Germany began implementing the V-7 project. However, the exact location of the laboratories and other details were unknown. The release of the book “German Secret Weapons and Their Further Development” only fueled the scandal and rumors surrounding flying objects similar to saucers. Its translation has been carried out into many languages of the world. According to some versions, the V-7 (flying disc) could have been manufactured in Siberia, and the inventor could have been the Austrian Schauberger (despite his talent as a brilliant designer, he was a patient in a clinic for mentally ill people).
Base in Antarctica
There are many versions that a laboratory is hidden under the Antarctic ice, where these flying objects can be hidden. The first mention of this theory appeared in Landing's novels. However, according to the original version, the location of the laboratory was in Northern Canada. Perhaps the author decided that Antarctica is a more reliable shelter, and the V-7 flying saucer could most likely be hidden there. Despite the frivolous attitude of many towards these theories, some are still trying to solve the mystery of the location of the laboratory among the ice. These ideas were also fueled by the fact that there were speculations about a prepared German base in Antarctica, where the scientific minds of Germany were brought and where Hitler himself subsequently planned to take refuge in the event of an unfavorable outcome of the war.
Tests at Peenemünde
The Peenemünde training ground has become another “loud” place associated with the discovery of German UFOs. Some have argued that this is where the data was built and was a favorable location for the first tests. There was not enough labor, and on the initiative of General Dorberger, prisoners from the concentration camp began to be recruited. One of them witnessed the events taking place at the training ground. He claimed that he saw a round apparatus, which in its shape was similar to an inverted pelvis. In its center was a transparent drop-shaped cabin.
When starting up, the device made a hissing sound and vibrated all over. A former prisoner of the camp saw with his own eyes how the object rose into the air and hung at a distance of 5 meters from the ground. The UFO held this position for some time, and then spun around and began to gain altitude. There was instability during the flight. The gusts of wind had a very strong effect on it, and one of them turned the plate over in the air, which led to the descent of the device. According to him, it ended unsuccessfully, the saucer exploded, and the pilot died. Also, information about a similar object was received from nineteen officers and soldiers. They claimed to have seen an object in flight that looked like a saucer with a transparent cockpit in the center. Scientists have concluded that this device is Zimmerman’s “Flying Pancake”. This object was designed in 1942 and had a speed of 700 km per hour in horizontal flight.
"V 7"
German engineers developed several UFO models, each time improving the design and adding new solutions. The first modification was called "V-7". Its development was carried out within the framework of the “Weapons of Retribution” program. This device had more fuel and a more powerful engine. To stabilize the saucer in flight, it was used like the one found on an airplane. The first tests were carried out in 1944 (May 17) near Prague. The V-7 had excellent technical characteristics - a climb speed of 288 km per hour and a horizontal movement of 200 km per hour.
Cymbal models
To this day, information about the existence of eight projects has been preserved. The first of them was named “Wheel with Wing” and was tested in 1941. It is considered the first object in the world that could take off vertically. After the V-7, the Discolet modification appeared. Her test took place in 1945. In subsequent years, the Belonce Disc appeared. This was an even more advanced model. The designers of this device were Belontse, Miethe, Schriever and Schauberger. The model with a diameter of 68 meters was available in a single copy. The engine compressed the consumed air, which was then released through the nozzles. The flying object was equipped with a noise-resistant control system, which Schauberger is believed to have been developing since the beginning of World War II.
Conclusion
Jet aviation and rocket science of the Third Reich, without a doubt, received a great impetus and development during the Second World War. However, the new developments of the Germans were late. The most modernized ones “saw the light” at the end of the war. Once the "Weapon of Vengeance" was created, the need for it disappeared. Those projects that were ahead of the time of their creation (bombers, fighters, etc.), as well as the V-7, the flying disc of the 3rd Reich, were often available in one copy and did not have time to strike - the war was already ending. Anticipating their defeat, the Germans destroyed laboratories and testing grounds where UFOs were tested. Some of the documentation also disappeared, and the flying objects themselves also disappeared. However, thanks to the speed of the Red Army's advance, much went to the victors. After the end of the war, these materials were used as reference materials when working on aviation projects.
Studying disc-shaped aircraft, sooner or later you will certainly come across a considerable layer of historical and ufological mythology dedicated to “ flying saucers", created in " thousand year reich" Perhaps about all the others combined, discos of earthly buildings that have flown or remained on paper, not as much has been written as about the designs born of the technical genius of German engineers, or - according to legend - occult priests of the Vrill and Thule societies at the institute Ahnenerbe»…
This “flying saucer” was actually tested... Length - 6.4 m, wingspan - 5.0 m, height - 2.56 m.
Unfortunately, so far the question about the reality of these legends and the reliability of these descriptions cannot be given an unambiguous answer. It cannot be negative, because there were disc planes with a swastika on the wing - even if not the same as in the legends. But it cannot yet be positive, since there is no documentary evidence, and all we know are memories and reconstructions...
RIDDLES AND “RIDDLES”. However, there are some things we can do. For example, to evaluate the capabilities of German science and industry - not mythical, but real. Imagine what problems to solve Luftwaffe might be required discos. Finally, estimate the scale of this work - and therefore its importance and expected results.
In history Second World War a lot of mysteries. There are also some among them that directly beg for explanation. occult-mystical causes. But this does not apply to that technology wars- there are NO riddles here today! And those that seem so, as a rule, appear from ignorance of the subject. Or from his deliberate chattering...
Fighting machine is not born in a vacuum - it must be built somewhere, based, hit specific targets with certain parameters, overcome opposition enemy... At the same time, neither the customer nor the developer will simply, out of love for art, master a fundamentally new layout or form of the device if it does not have significant advantages over the old one: it already works, but it is not known whether it can be made at all . So why Luftwaffe might be required flying saucers?
In the 20th century Germany unleashed two world wars. In both cases, she and the coalition she led were obviously weaker enemy, weaker, first of all, economically. And this was absolutely clear in the outcome of both wars. And this, generally speaking, was obvious from the very beginning, so What did the German leaders count on??
The experimental gyroplane "Fluge-Gelrad-1 V1" may have flown: rotor diameter - 6 m, hubs - 2.6 m, height - 2.2 m, take-off weight - 3.0 tons.
Just for one thing. Economic factors do not act instantly. It doesn't even take months - years - for the gigantic, but largely latent, hidden resources of the USSR, the British Empire, and the USA to have their say. What if, thanks to Germany's qualitative superiority, it was possible to defeat your opponents BEFORE? Hence the concept blitzkrieg: nothing else was simply economically impossible!
It is obvious that significant qualitative superiority unthinkable without
superior technical. The latter can be achieved in two ways: by continuously improving the existing technique, or - creating a fundamentally new one. Nazis(and before them - Reichswehr) both ways were not ignored. But…
Strange as it may seem (however, in the light of the Versailles restrictions - not very), in traditional areas weapons the Germans almost until the very end wars had no significant benefits. Tanks "Panther", Me-262 fighters, XXI series submarines, MP-43 assault rifles appeared, and in sufficient quantities, when the time limit on blitzkrieg expired a long time ago opponents Germany deployed its own weapons in full military-industrial complexes. In addition, both we and the Americans had the opportunity to produce military equipment in significantly larger quantities than Germany - simply due to the size of the countries and resources. And with your victories Reich obliged first of all to competent use weapons, good, but far from the best in the world... And that’s why, ONLY that’s why the Germans literally grabbed onto rocket weapons, barely a team Wernher von Braun showed real success.
High-altitude reconnaissance gyroplane "Flyugegelrad-Sh". Rotor diameter - 24 m, height - 11.2 m, take-off weight - 40.0 tons, crew - 6 people, engines - two HeSOOl with a thrust of 1300-1500 kg or. two BMW 018 with a thrust of 3400 kg. In the figure the numbers indicate: 1 - blade; 2 - ring-flywheel-fairing; 3 - engine; 4 - fuel tanks; 5 - nozzle nozzle; 6 - mechanism for controlling the angle of attack of the blade; 7 - chassis; 8 - cockpit.
Now, after extensive military-economic digressions, let's return to flying saucers. Luftwaffe needed... a device that was not demanding on airfields (the obvious goal enemy bombing), at least not inferior in speed and range airplanes an enemy superior to them in vertical (at least) maneuverability.
WHAT REALLY HAPPENED. Thanks to longitudinal stability at all
angles of attack, up to 90°, a disc plane CAN have exceptional takeoff and landing performance. But it may not, since a low aspect ratio wing has a low aerodynamic quality, which does not contribute to a quick takeoff and long flight range. In addition, the stability of an aircraft with such a wing in terms of ROLL and YAW is nonexistent, as the pilot Rybko was convinced of earlier, back in 1937, testing the world’s first airplane with a low aspect ratio delta wing " Arrow", which was designed Soviet aircraft designer A.S. Moskalev.
That is, a REGULAR aircraft with a disc wing is by no means “ superweapon", which was brilliantly confirmed by the history of that only crusader " flying saucer", which is reliably known.
High-altitude reconnaissance gyroplane "Flyugegelrad-I V3". Rotor diameter - 14.4 m, bushings - 4.3 m, height - 5 m, take-off weight - 10.0 t, crew - 3 people, engines - two BMW 003 D with a high-altitude thrust of 1100 kg, rotor speed - 500-1800 rpm, rate of climb - 100 m/s, speed - 800 km/h, ceiling - 17000 m. Position designations are the same as in the previous diagram.
In 1939, the German inventor Arthur Zack charmed the head of the technical department of the German Ministry of Aviation, Ernst Udet, who promised all possible support in the creation of a discoplane - tactical reconnaissance and interceptor fighter. It's interesting that even after suicide Udet November 17, 1941 (after
Luftwaffe defeat in the Battle of Moscow), although the work slowed down, it did not stop, and in April (according to other sources - in February) 1944. aircraft AS6 governed by pilot Baltabola (later Franz Roslee) began jogging along the strip air bases Brandis.
In the end, Baltabol managed to literally “lift up” the disc plane into the air, but it was difficult to call it a flight... Engine power "Argus" AS-10C3 (240 hp) was not enough to fly normally airplane, weighing only about 800 kg.
All this time AS6 broke: the right landing gear could not withstand the loads from
reactive propeller torque. And soon military there was no time for the dubious innovation, from which, as a result, only a few photographs of low quality remained.
LEGEND-1. But all these shortcomings are inherent precisely airplanes with a fixed disc wing. While the most serious advantage of the disk shape is precisely its compatibility with non-traditional methods of creating a lifting
strength. Unfortunately, here we enter the realm of legends...
In the second half of the 50s. The Munich publishing house "Lehmann" published the book " Secret weapon of the Third Reich", written by Major Rudolf Luzar. It was there that the names appeared for the first time, the list of which later became literally a mantra for conspiracy theorists from UFOlogy: “Schauberger, Schriever, Habermohl, Mitte, Bellonze (in the original - Belluzzo).”
Captain Rudolf Schriever and designers Klaus Habermohl and Walter Mitte allegedly created vertical take-off and landing disc aircraft, built at the Prague-Gbell aircraft plant, and in its first test flight - February 14, 1945 - reached an altitude of 12,400 m and accelerated to a speed of 2,000 km/h. Giuseppe Belluzzo, according to the same source, using an incomprehensible device, the engine of Viktor Schauberger, created an even more perfect saucer, which crashed during tests right on Spitsbergen! Drawings of several discos various types and a photograph of the “Bellonze disk” hanging over a forest airfield in front of people in SS uniform (they can be seen in our magazine, No. 9, 1992).
It must be said that such information - more or less scattered - appeared in newspapers of all kinds since the early 50s, and did not disappear even then. It was alleged that Walter Mitte after the war ended up in Canada, where, at the Avro Canadian company, he participated in the development of the AV-9 flying disk (“TM”, No. 10 for 1998); Klaus Habermohl, according to the same sources, ended up in the Soviet Union, where his traces were lost, Belluzzo simply disappeared, Schauberger died in 1958, declaring until the last hour that his inventions should not be revealed to humanity until universal and lasting peace was established on Earth .
The experimental Flugegelrad-11 V2 was apparently built: rotor diameter - 14.4 m, hubs - 3.6 m, height - 2.2 m, take-off weight - 7.0 tons, rotor speed - 500-1650 rpm /min, rate of climb - 100 m/s, speed - 800 km/h, ceiling - 12000 m.
Little of. In the early 90s, the memoirs of engineer Andreas Epp were published in the West (we have abstracts in the magazine “Engineer”, No. 6, 1993), who claimed that it was he, back in 1942, who built the first “ disc helicopter» 6-meter diameter, and in the same year he was removed from the work headed by Schriever and Habermohl (though for some reason already Otto, but, after all, maybe his name was Klaus-Otto?..). Otherwise, Epp supported the well-known version, although first test flight(with the same achievements) dated February 14, 1944.
But what happened - and did it really happen?
Most likely SOME kind of experimental discoplane really
Nazis built - this is said by different witnesses who are in no way connected with each other, from German student pilots, before our prisoners of war- prisoners concentration camps, involved in work on secret training grounds. A well-founded assumption about WHAT he was like was expressed by the Spanish aviation historian and aircraft modeller with 20 years of experience, Justo Miranda.
MIRANDA HYPOTHESIS. He believes that the Germans tried to do... disc gyroplane! Let me briefly remind you what it is.
It is known that a free rotor of a helicopter, disconnected from the transmission, when flying with a descent (the air flow flows from the front and bottom) enters the autorotation mode. The same mode can be obtained if you move the device with a free rotor along the ground so that the rotor axis is tilted backward. The rotor spun by the oncoming flow begins to create a lifting force.
The idea of a machine using this effect was put forward by the Spanish inventor Juan de Sierva in 1920 - he dreamed of building an airplane that could not go into a spin. But only after! After 5 years of refining the design, the gyroplane took off for the first time. In the 1930s it was considered a serious competitor not only to the helicopter, which faced numerous technical problems, but also airplane. According to the future outstanding helicopter designer M.L. Mil, who wrote the article “Autogyro” for the technical encyclopedia in 1935, the so-called. the “profile” aerodynamic drag of the rotor can be less than that of a wing of the same span, i.e. - theoretically - a gyroplane would have greater speed than an airplane, having “exceptional takeoff and landing qualities.”
The Germans knew this very well; they built gyroplanes, and such exotic ones as kite gyroplane, based on submarine. And, of course, they knew: the lion’s share of its aerodynamic drag comes not from the propeller, but from its “boar” strut (which, by the way, is still true for helicopters to this day).
The idea of somehow getting rid of the rotor strut suggested itself, and it was perhaps Epp who came up with the idea first. His (Mitte? Schriever? Habermohl?) idea and its possible technical implementation are clear from the drawings in the text and the central spread of the magazine. The bushing becomes ring-shaped, encircling part of the fuselage (in the experimental apparatus - the pilot's cabin). At the bottom - turbojet engine and the chassis of the experimental vehicle is non-retractable.
The design of the Omega helicopter seems dubious...
The trapezoidal rotor blades cover the entire area of the disk, their ends are connected by a hoop. The latter serves as a flywheel, and in addition - a fairing. Miranda believes that at high speeds - about 800 km/h - the blades were set to zero angle of attack and the rotor turned into a disk wing (by the way, the aerodynamic quality of a ROTATING disk wing is 2-3 times greater than a stationary one). A guide vane was installed on the engine nozzle, deflecting the jet stream onto the rotor for its pre-launch spin-up.
"Belluzzo Disc" or Coanda? In this form, he is unlikely to fly...
The Spanish historian claims that at least three experimental vehicles (with rotors with a diameter of 6, 8 and 12.6 m) flew, one (with a diameter of 14.4 m) was under construction, and combat versions were already being prepared - high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft with a diameter of 14.4 and 24 m, with a take-off weight of 10 and 40 tons, respectively, and a ceiling of 17,000 m... These, writes Miranda, would be impressive reconnaissance aircraft and long-range bombers (of course: the estimated rate of climb is 100 m/s!), but by no means a “miracle” -weapon".
Well, the reader will ask, if everything was so simple, why didn’t crusader flying saucers fill the front-line skies? In the end, the same A-4 and Me-262 were produced in the thousands, several dozen huge submarines of the XXI series were built (“TM” No. 1 for 1997) - the German industry was capable of much... Fortunately for us, the idea of a disk The gyroplane contains several details that are deadly for the entire concept.
In the mentioned article of 1935 M.L. Mil wrote that the aerodynamic quality of a gyroplane is inversely proportional to the fill factor, i.e. the ratio of the area of the blades to the area of the circle they sweep. For successful gyroplanes of the early 30s (as well as for modern helicopters), it was in the range of 0.05-0.1, while for a disk gyroplane it was 1.0, which required a corresponding increase in the power of the main engine. Whereas - in the same place - Mil wrote that the advantages of a gyroplane appear at SMALL power loads...
But even if the energy problems could be solved (for example, thanks to a flywheel hoop that increases the rotor torque), the likelihood of successful operation of the design recreated by Miranda seems doubtful. De Sierva, let me remind you, took 9 years to achieve successful flights. And the main thing on this path was the invention of the hinged suspension of the blades. The aerodynamic forces acting on them change cyclically for each revolution, which naturally causes them to oscillate, primarily in the vertical plane.
The frequency of these oscillations is equal to the rotor speed multiplied by the number of blades. Their amplitude and phase, naturally, change depending on the flight mode, and for gyroplanes the frequency would also change (1600 rpm during takeoff, 500 rpm during cruising flight). The swings of the blade on the hinge are transmitted to the rotor shaft, but weakened. In disc gyroplanes, the use of hinges is doubtful for design reasons, and even a hoop... Although, perhaps, it would have eased the severity of the problem.
Conclusion: in principle, the design recreated by the Spanish aircraft model historian is possible and workable, but to determine HOW MUCH, careful (meaning lengthy) research is required. The Germans clearly didn’t have time for them... And one more thing: the Luftwaffe abandoned the construction of “ordinary” gyroplanes in the late 30s.
LEGEND-1 bis. There are other hypotheses. For example, there is a claim circulating on the Internet that Epp actually designed a disk helicopter called Omega.
Remember the designs of Paul Moller - 6-8 fans, each with its own engine (internal combustion), in the vertical channels of a disk housing, the cockpit in the center. Now let’s add, as Western researchers propose, a two-blade rotor on top with ramjet engines at the ends of the blades. For what? Honestly, I don't know. He's completely out of place here...
And here is how the same Miranda presented the “Bellonze-Belluzzo disk”, however, attributing its development to the Romanian inventor Henry Coanda. It is highly doubtful that this thing will even get off the ground... Unless, as Maxim Golubev, well-known on the Russian UFO-Internet, suggested, turn it upside down, rearranging the engines accordingly (air intakes - outward, nozzles - under the bottom) ...
Let me remind you that the only source of information about this device remains Luzar’s book. The photograph in it (also featured in our magazine) does not look real, to put it mildly...
LEGEND-2. It is impossible to ignore another part of the same legend, set out in the film “UFO of the 3rd Reich”, cassettes of which appeared in our country in the mid-90s.
American UFOlogist Vladimir Terziski claims that in the late 30s. Almost an entire alien flying saucer fell into the hands of Nazi researchers from the Ahnenerbe. Using occult techniques, the Germans were allegedly able not only to understand the control of an alien machine and begin to fly on it, but also to recreate extraterrestrial technology, and even create several devices of the same design, but of different sizes, under the general name “Haunebu”. The last of them allegedly had a diameter of more than 70 m, an armored bottom with a tank turret on it, and could easily go into space...
How to comment on this, and is it necessary? On April 30, 1945, the “riddle” was solved by Soviet soldiers Mikhail Egorov and Militon Kantaria, who hoisted the Victory Banner over the burning Reichstag. After all, it is absolutely obvious that if the Germans had already had AT LEAST ONE device with such capabilities by 1942, the Second World War would have ended differently.
In general, in the West for a long time, here in recent years, it has been actively operating as if not
some informal movement that in every possible way extols scientific and design
thought of the Third Reich. We have already tried to objectively show the role of the “German heritage”, for example, in rocket and space programs (“TM” No. 3 for 1999 and No. 9 for 2000). But, apparently, we will have to return to this topic more than once.