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UAZ patriot with a diesel engine. Diesel engine for UAZ cars: characteristics, malfunctions and tuning. What kind of oil to fill

Almost everyone who prefers to drive a UAZ has had to think about how to install an installation with a diesel engine under the hood of their SUVs. First of all, installing a diesel engine on a UAZ would provide an opportunity to save on fuel.

An UAZ engine fueled with diesel will require less fuel consumption due to its increased efficiency. In addition, the diesel engine in the UAZ will be more responsive than the one with gasoline. These are the units that will produce more power at lower RPMs.

Choosing an engine for a UAZ is now quite easy. According to theory, experts can fit all sorts of powerful units under the hood of this car. Any difficulty in this process necessarily lies in the cost and availability of installing a new engine.

It is necessary to select an engine with diesel fuel in a UAZ in accordance with certain criteria. For example, it is necessary to take into account the magnitude of its torque. Engines with low speeds, such as ZMZ-402, ZMZ-406 and similar ones, may be suitable for UAZ. In the opposite case, it will be necessary to redo the gearbox and axles.

What to put on the UAZ

It is recommended not to make experiments by installing an engine that has not been tested in practice, but to use the experience of specialists. Over the entire period of time during which UAZs have existed, they have tried to install different engines on them, including diesel. Of these, there are those that will fit perfectly on this car without significant modification. So, for example, for an UAZ of the “Loaf” type, an engine from a Ford may be perfect, or, to be more precise, from a Sierra. The gold value of this unit is 2.4 liters, and their production was carried out between 1984-1990. The indisputable advantage of these engines is their reliability and long-term operation. American-made engines can last three to four times longer than domestically produced ones. Diesel engines from Mercedes are even more popular for installation on UAZs. Naturally, who doesn’t have the desire to make a Mercedes out of their modest UAZ?

In order to make a replacement, preference is given mostly to engines running on diesel engines from 2 to 2.4 liters. At the same time, in terms of design, engines from Mercedes, which were produced during 1980-1984, are suitable for replacement. But quite often, Mercedes engines of a similar type have quite serious vulnerabilities, and certainly have an oil filter. It is located in the engine from below and can simply be damaged when passing through difficult sections. But this can be easily solved by installing additional protection.

How to install a diesel engine on a UAZ: features You can install a diesel engine on a car, either in specialized auto repair shops, or you can install it on a UAZ yourself. The most important thing when installing a new engine is connecting it to the gearbox. For these purposes, special adapters are needed.

When no difficulties arise with this, then it is next necessary to determine how the engine will be screwed to the car frame. Here you need to turn to welders for help, because you need to weld the brackets or add new ones. In the future, you just need to connect all the engine controls, and, of course, make its settings. When the engine has an injector, it is hardly possible without advice from experts in electronics. When the engine is installed on the UAZ, the car must be re-registered with the police, where the engine change must be confirmed. In the opposite case, the car may simply be confiscated during a traffic stop. It is also necessary to highlight the fact that supplying a diesel engine to a UAZ without our own resources can result in a significant additional amount. Overall, with more options it will be worth it.

Having changed the UAZ engine with their own hands, UAZ owners may not remember about failures, sneezing or lack of traction at low speeds. Further, the car will bring joy with not very significant fuel consumption due to the higher efficiency of the foreign-made diesel engine.
Nuances of UAZ diesel UAZs have always been and will remain cars that are intended to be used by real men. They were able to get recommendations for excellent SUVs that belong to the budget class and are not inferior in cross-country ability to similar vehicles produced abroad. Spare parts for them are not very expensive and you can simply buy them, but not everything is as simple as it might seem at first.

Richard Diesel also argued that in order to manufacture parts for engines, it is necessary to work accurately, and in Russia the work of mechanics did not reach a high level. His thoughts turned into a kind of karma.
Despite the colossal progress of Russian designers, the final state of product quality remains to be the best. This also applies to UAZs. Without a doubt, you can now see old models of “tablets” and “bobbies” that have traveled more than a hundred km. But technology is developing with progress, diesel engines are regularly improved and their performance is increased. Now on the car spare parts market you can see products from different manufacturers and even buy a two-cylinder diesel engine, which not so long ago was a rare product.
It is no secret that for UAZs used for commercial purposes, for budget purposes and others whose work is carried out in harsh conditions, a diesel engine will be the maximum. It will turn out to be more reliable, economical, unpretentious and durable than those running on gasoline.
Therefore, the topic of changing a gasoline engine to a diesel engine will not raise doubts among most lovers of cars of this Russian-made brand. All that remains is to choose and purchase a diesel engine for the UAZ, but this is where difficulties can begin, because you never really know what to prefer.
The cost of new UAZ diesel engines is slightly higher than similar, used engines from the automotive industry from Asia.

More car lovers will prefer to choose Japanese manufacturers and this is understandable.
Engines produced in this country are more reliable than those produced in Russia. Also, thanks to their not very large size and similar design, they can simply be “sharpened” for the design of an UAZ. And the market offers a large number of foreign models, to suit every taste and color.
A car with such an engine will differ significantly from the same one with a gasoline engine. He will have some of the traction of a locomotive and a temper that is difficult to contain. What else is needed for hard workers from Ulyanovsk? It is clear that when high speed is required from a car, then you need to use a gasoline engine, and when you need an SUV that is not afraid of dirt and rough terrain, then a diesel engine will be an excellent purchase.

Advantages of diesel engines A diesel engine, in comparison with a gasoline engine, will have many advantages, which it owes to its ever-increasing popularity. Now, due to the fact that electronic diagnostic tools and specially designed equipment are ubiquitous, high-quality diesel servicing has gained mass access, which makes it possible to maintain diesel engines in excellent operating condition for a long time without expensive overhauls. Therefore, an increasing number of car lovers prefer a diesel engine.

One of the main advantages of diesel is its economy. A diesel engine has an efficiency coefficient approximately twice that of a gasoline engine, and naturally will consume less fuel. Another advantage of diesel engines is the high torque even at low revs. This will give the car flexibility when driving, making it possible to easily move off and overcome any obstacle.

Due to the presence of optimal torque in a significant speed range, the power of a diesel engine is used with much greater effect than the power of a gasoline engine. The most common models In UAZ cars, even now, there is no tolerable and non-diesel engine that would be able to further reveal the excellent potential of the Ulyanovsk all-terrain vehicle.

In first place is a diesel unit from Ford, specifically the Sierra model with a capacity of 2.4 liters, produced from 1984 to 1990. Another model is the Ford Scorpio, which has a volume of two and a half liters, which was produced from 1984 to 1990. For your information, engines from car models made in America can last for a long time. The two proposed diesel engines are ideally suitable for replacing with a standard one, which runs on gasoline and has a UAZ loaf. Making adjustments to these engines will not be difficult, both for specialists with extensive experience and for people from the people.

Another brand of car that could find wide distribution in the UAZ Bukhanka is diesel from Mercedes. Powerful units with a volume of 2 and 2.4 liters, which were produced from 1980 to 1984. The plant, which produces engines and is part of the Sollers concern, began supplying the first ZMZ-51432 Euro-4 diesel engine to the Ulyanovsk automobile plant in order to test the technology for assembling the car on-line, the RIA press service reported. UAZ with a diesel engine ZMZ-51432 (2.2 liters).

A small-volume engine belonging to the new generation ZMZ-51432 (2.2 liters) with a Common Rail fuel supply system was able to undergo qualification experiments in order to confirm the declared characteristics.

What cars will they be installed on? This engine will be produced in various versions to complete the entire line of UAZ OJSC vehicles for transporting passengers and cargo. The ZMZ-514 Euro-3 diesel engines now produced at the plant are supplied to the UAZ-Hunter and so-called “loaf” configurations.

The latest developments in Euro-4 diesel engines; More than a hundred original parts and assemblies were used.

What is characteristic of a diesel engine?

The optimal amount of engine power has been increased from ninety-seven horses at four thousand rpm to one hundred and fourteen horses. At three and a half thousand revolutions, the amount of torque is from twenty-three kilograms of force at 1.8 thousand revolutions per minute to twenty-seven kilograms of force per meter. The plant produces more than eighty engines with different modifications with a volume for operation from 2.2 liters to 4.67 liters, which meet the environmental standards of modern times, for cars with buses of three Russian companies - OJSC UAZ, OJSC Pavlovsky Bus and OJSC "GAS".

A UAZ running on gasoline compared to how it became a supercar using a diesel engine. A Trans-Volga car with sixteen valves can pull more quickly, and its operating interval is wider. Therefore, the “steps” between gears are not felt as much. But every switch again forces one to remember the Arzamas specialists, and the development of momentum during acceleration without hope can be lost, making frantic attempts to place the necessary stage in the depths of a harmful box.
In addition, the UAZ is an infrequent option when the lack of dynamic properties is only beneficial. After eighty kilometers per hour, Hunter will be in a “floating state” on the road surface, in need of constant alignment, and even on not very large bumps will begin to jump in different directions. The car absolutely does not recognize minor steering deviations, and in response to turns of the steering wheel, which has a deep roll, it will shy away to the side. This will not only turn out to be not entirely pleasant, but will also pose a danger. So it’s close to skidding, and a capsize will occur.

The UAZ Patriot diesel sample was able to arouse a lot of interest. In general, the main advantage of a diesel engine is traditionally considered to be the traction of a steam locomotive at low speeds and low fuel consumption.
For drivers who are accustomed to driving on an engine filled with gasoline, the sensations are not entirely normal. They give the impression of a car that has better dynamics. However, can this affect the driving quality? Actually, no.

In general, motorists need the amount of torque on the wheels from their car, and what number of revolutions the engine makes does not matter (apart from the emotional state of the driver).
There is only a condition: the correct choice of transmission gear numbers. In addition, diesel engines have a worse adaptation coefficient than gasoline engines.

There is no point in describing this concept in detail; we can only add that for drivers this will mean shifting gears more often (when the gearbox has a manual mechanism). Likewise, diesel engines, as usual, have worse mass dimensions. For example, the power of an Iveco diesel engine is lower than that of the ZMZ-409, but it is also heavier. There is a fairly significant negative point: any diesel engine with a “Common rail” power system will make more noise than gasoline engines. Any gasoline engine will begin to make a rattling sound. The fact that diesel engines will consume less fuel cannot be disputed. However, will they spend less money? Not every time. You can calculate the difference in the price of one kilometer of road for a UAZ Patriot with an Iveco diesel engine and a gasoline engine.

A diesel-powered Patriot will consume ten liters of fuel within city limits at nineteen rubles and fifty kopecks per liter. That is, 1.95 rubles per kilometer. The one with gasoline - thirteen liters for twenty-two rubles. The result is 2.86 rubles per kilometer. This means that the fuel savings of a diesel engine will be ninety-one kopecks per kilometer. Quite noticeable savings.

Conclusion - there are many advantages of the UAZ diesel, there are also disadvantages, each motorist can choose at his own discretion!

UAZ Patriot diesel initially used under the hood a proven IVECO F1A turbodiesel with a power of 116 hp (270 Nm) and a displacement of 2.3 liters from Fiat Ducato. Then the domestic industry proposed its own version of the ZMZ-51432 diesel engine, which is now installed on UAZ vehicles. The power unit of the same volume has a power of 114 hp. and the same torque of 270 Nm. The modern Common Rail fuel supply system makes this Patriot engine quite economical, especially when compared with its gasoline counterpart.

Diesel engine UAZ ZMZ-51432 has a cast iron cylinder block, aluminum cylinder head, 4 cylinders and 16 valves with overhead camshafts. Timing chain drive with hydraulic tensioners. The valve mechanism uses hydraulic compensators that automatically regulate the thermal clearance of the valves. Direct injection of BOSCH diesel fuel with a maximum injection pressure of 1450 bar and turbocharging with charge air cooling allows this engine to comply with the Euro-4 environmental class. Below characteristics of diesel Patriot.

Engine UAZ Patriot diesel 2.3 (114 hp) characteristics, fuel consumption

Working volume – 2235 cm3
Number of cylinders – 4
Number of valves – 16
Cylinder diameter – 87 mm
Piston stroke – 94 mm
Power hp/kW – 113.5/83.5 at 3500 rpm
Torque – 270 Nm at 1300-2800 rpm
Compression ratio – 19
Type timing/timing drive – DOHC/chain
Fuel brand – diesel
Ecological class – Euro-4
Maximum speed – 135 km/h
Acceleration to 100 km/h – n/a
Fuel consumption in the city - n/a
Fuel consumption in the combined cycle – 9.5 liters
Fuel consumption on the highway - n/a

Actual fuel consumption in urban conditions, according to owners' reviews, during quiet driving does not exceed 12 liters of diesel. This is significantly less than the gasoline version of the Patriot, which can easily consume up to 20 liters of gasoline. On the highway at a speed of 80-90 km/h UAZ Patriot diesel consumes only 8-8.5 liters per 100 km. Therefore, if fuel consumption plays an important role in your case, then choose the diesel version of the UAZ.

Today, the popularity of diesel engines is growing every year. Even new cars are equipped with diesel engines in 25% of cases, although 10 years ago only every 10th car was produced as such. The reasons for their growth in popularity include strict requirements for the environmental friendliness of the engine and the constant rise in gasoline prices. At the same time, a diesel engine can even be fueled with biofuel - rapeseed.

Advantages of diesel over gasoline engines

Today, the biggest advantage of a diesel engine over a gasoline engine is its efficiency. Not only is the cost of diesel fuel much less than gasoline, but the engine itself is used in economical mode. The reason for this is the different operating patterns with different fuels.

In a gasoline engine, fuel vapors are ignited by spark plugs, which produce an electric spark. In diesel, vapors are ignited by the high temperature of air that has been pre-compressed. Accordingly, in the latter case there are no spark plugs, but only glow plugs. The design of the motor itself is more durable, since its massive parts must constantly withstand detonation. Therefore, this design lasts longer.

In short, A diesel engine has the following advantages over a gasoline engine:

low fuel cost (by 10-15%);

Low fuel consumption (by 30-40%);

The absence of an ignition system makes the engine design simpler, easier to operate, and it also provides good traction at low speeds;

More massive parts are held together more rigidly, and therefore the engine can withstand longer without major repairs (up to 1 million kilometers);

Produces low CO2 emissions, smoke and soot only occur with faulty engines.

Interesting! The diesel engine also has its disadvantages. It takes longer to warm up, and with a manual transmission you have to shift it more often. Low-quality fuel quickly damages the injectors, and maintenance costs 15-20% more than gasoline.

Diesel engines for UAZ “Bukhanka”

The domestic all-terrain vehicle UAZ “Tabletka” or “Loaf” has gained popularity for its reliability and excellent driving performance. It is taken to travel along village roads, in hard-to-reach places, where people go hunting or fishing. But few people know that in addition to the gasoline engine, the “Loaf” is produced with a diesel engine. True, such cars were made exclusively for government orders for military needs. Production public vehicles were exclusively gasoline-powered.

The fact that “Loaves” also run on diesel fuel pushed many craftsmen to the idea of replacing the car’s original engine with a diesel one. True, it is not always possible to find exactly the one provided for this car model. In this case, you can use units from other cars.

So, if you did not receive a diesel “Loaf” from the factory, you can use the following engines:

1. Engine from a 1984-1990 Ford Sierra 2.4 liter or Ford Scorpio of the same years of production for 2.5 liters. They are so suitable for UAZ that even an inexperienced auto mechanic can fit them.

2. Engine from Mercedes 1980-1984 with a volume of 2 and 2.4 liters. But such a detail will make your “Loaf” a rather expensive car.

Note!The oil filter in a Mercedes engine is located in the lower part towards the movement. This is considered not only an impractical arrangement, but also very dangerous when driving off-road. Therefore, in this case, it is recommended to install additional protection on the engine.

3. A series of Isuzu 4JG2 diesel engines with a volume of as much as 3.1 liters with pipe-inflating. True, it is extremely difficult to find such an engine.

4. Xac 2L engine from Toyota with a volume of 2.4 liters. In addition to reliability and excellent technical characteristics, it is distinguished by its availability on the market.

In addition to engines from other cars, you can find separately manufactured units.

Ideal for UAZ:

1. Motor “Andoria” on UAZ, which has been manufactured at the Polish state plant of the same name since 1945. It produces naturally aspirated and supercharged units. Some models of its diesel engines are equipped with fuel equipment from the German company Bosh, others - from the Czech Motorpal. But they are all manufactured according to European standards and have a lot of quality certificates from European organizations.

created specifically for UAZ weighing up to 3.5 thousand kg and 4x4 wheel arrangement. It works perfectly at temperatures from –45°С to +40°С and even at air dust levels of up to 1 g/m3. It showed excellent performance when working at altitudes up to 4,000 m above sea level. At the moment, there are two models on the market: ZMZ-51432.10 CRS, equipped with a Common Rail fuel supply system, and ZMZ-5143.10 with a mechanical injection pump.

3. ZMZ 5148 diesel, which is produced at JSC Zavolzhsky Motor Plant. Electronic fuel supply systems for it are developed and supplied by the German concern Siemens. The units comply with the requirements of Euro-3 and Euro-4 standards.

Note! Just one refueling with low-quality fuel can damage a diesel engine. Moisture is also a danger: both in the canister and in the environment.

How to install a diesel engine on a UAZ “Bukhanka”

Having chosen a suitable engine, you need to figure out how to install it in your car. To do this, you need to stock up on a special adapter that will connect the gearbox to the clutch. The car's power system and side electrics will also require improvements.

The diesel engine must be installed in the following sequence:

1. Completely remove the “original” gasoline unit, then cut off the brackets with a grinder, and weld the necessary ones in their place.

2. Cut off the brackets from the frame and hang the diesel engine on the hoist. Make sure that the diesel bolt (ratchet) is pointed clearly at the hole in the crank handle located in the frame.

3. If necessary, install cushions on the engine. Even if they are on a new diesel engine, it is better to rearrange the original UAZ ones. True, they must be installed so that there is no unnecessary vibration while driving.

Interesting!It is much easier to install a diesel engine without a head on a UAZ.

4. Then the receiving pipe is remade, the pan is cut off from the new diesel engine, and the UAZ one is welded in its place. The seams must be cleaned and then treated with cold welding.

5. Now you can install the engine and crankcase, and then start adjusting the clutch. The latter can also be used “native”. It will fit three holes, the rest need to be drilled and threaded.

6. A bronze bushing must be machined under the input shaft instead of a bearing. Do not use the UAZ crankshaft for this. We recommend purchasing two bearings with a thickness of 7 mm and dimensions 35x17. They must be inserted one by one into the machined U-shaped sleeve.

Some experts believe that after such manipulations, the UAZ “Bukhanka” with a diesel engine requires the installation of noise insulation under the hood - the diesel engine is a little louder than the gasoline unit. Among the modifications, it will also be necessary to make oil sensors under the fitting, and also to shorten the cooling fan blades a little.

A diesel engine is superior to a gasoline engine in many respects, although it also has its drawbacks. UAZ “Bukhanka” can work with both one and another unit. If you don't come across a car with a factory diesel engine, you can easily install it yourself. To do this, take either a special motor for UAZ, or a diesel unit from a car of another brand.

The cars of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant are equipped with both gasoline and diesel engines. Motors are supplied by foreign companies, Zavolzhsky Motor Plant (ZMZ) and Ulyanovsk Motor Plant (UMZ). The diesel engine for UAZ is created by the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant.

This engine is practically the most powerful among domestic internal combustion units. The plant produces diesel engines of the ZMZ 5143 and ZMZ 5148 series, which are modified 4-cylinder engines.

Characteristics of UAZ diesel engine

Diesel engine for UAZ

The installation of a diesel engine on a UAZ marked a new era in the development of the Ulyanovsk automotive industry: expanded capabilities, improved parameters and characteristics of the vehicle, improved dynamic capabilities and overall performance. ZMZ 5143 - 4-cylinder engine with a volume of 2.235 liters. The engine is quite fast, equipped with an exhaust gas recirculation system and turbocharging. ZMZ 514 also has a turbocharger and 4 cylinders. The volume of the unit is 2.24 liters. These are the engines that are installed on UAZ Patriot cars.

The diesel engine from the ZMZ 514 series has the following operating parameters.

The engine injection is direct, the control system is mechanical. All cylinders are installed in a row in a vertical position. Their work is carried out in the order corresponding to the formula 1-3-2-4.
The direction of rotation of the crankshaft is to the right.
Power - 98 horsepower.
Glow plugs belong to the pin group. The gear starter is equipped with a remote activation system with electromagnetic pulses. The fuel pump system is a distribution system, the pump regulator is mechanical.
The engine has a built-in mechanical pump that pumps fuel. Also in the cooling system there is a lubrication unit, which is a water-oil heat exchanger. It is installed between the cylindrical block and the oil filter. The crankcase contains an oil pump, single-section and gear-type.
The cooling system is closed and liquid type with forced circulation. The centrifugal water pump is driven by a crankshaft. The turbocharger of the charging system operates using exhaust gases. The movement of gases is carried out by using pneumoelectric control with a vacuum valve.
Engine weight when unfuelled is 225 kg. With charged lubrication and cooling systems, the weight increases by another 10 liters.

Diesel nuances

In winter, diesel engines require good preheating

When starting a cold UAZ engine, when the temperature drops below 0° C, when turning the key to position 1, it is recommended to wait up to 2 minutes until the fuel filter warms up. Before putting the engine into standard operation, it needs to be run-in, that is, run in a gentle mode. To run-in a diesel engine on a UAZ vehicle, you need to drive 2,500 km.

When operating diesel engines, certain modes must be observed, this will increase the performance of the unit. You should choose the right operating modes with average loads. You should not allow the engine to overheat; you must strictly monitor the temperature indicator on the dashboard. If you use a cold engine at high speeds, it will consume more fuel and its parts will wear out faster.

The service book for the engine usually indicates the recommended timing of inspection. It is advisable to follow them so that the motor lasts a long time. The book also states what brand and series of oil and antifreeze should be used.

Do-it-yourself oil change in a diesel engine

To begin with, you need to completely turn off the car and put it on the handbrake, and then use the front wheels to lift it onto a jack or a hill. To be on the safe side, it is advisable to place bricks under the rear wheels. It is unpleasant if the car rolls back while draining the oil.

You need to drain the used oil into any suitable container (it is most convenient to use a basin). Then it can be bottled and handed over for recycling to any company or garage cooperative that has waste disposal systems. Prepare fresh oil of the same company and brand and a new filter for replacement.

Flushing the engine from old grease

It is useful to know that it is best to change the lubricant no later than an hour after stopping the car. In this case, the sediment and carbon deposits will be agitated and merged together with the old oil, otherwise the new oxol will be mixed with a suspension of particles from the previous one. In addition, it is advisable to drain the lubricant while it is hot. This will remove more dirt and various deposits.

After recently running the engine, the oil will undoubtedly be hot, so it is worth using a heat-protective glove. While the lubricant is draining into the basin, you can begin to unscrew the filter, placing a rag under it to prevent the liquid from leaking. Installation of the filter should be carried out strictly according to the instructions included with it. After the oil has drained, you need to tighten the plug and start filling in new oil.

Approximately half of the lubricant canister is filled, about 4 liters, then the level of the poured liquid is checked with a dipstick.

Changing the coolant

A diesel engine does not always require replacing the coolant. But if it is needed, it is better to carry it out when the engine has cooled down. All safety precautions should be observed and liquid should not come into contact with the skin or eyes.

The reservoir cap should be opened gradually so that the pressure in the system is completely relieved. Then place a suitable container and let the liquid drain. Before adding new fluid, it is necessary to flush the system.

Coolant replacement

After flushing, you can begin refilling the cooling system. Coolant should be added slowly, avoiding the formation of air pockets. You should start and finish the replacement by pouring in a small amount of water (1-2 l). If antifreeze is added for the first time, then water is not needed; the liquid should completely fill the system.

After replacing the antifreeze, it is important to let the engine run for 2-3 minutes at high speed, and then at normal idle. After this, be sure to check the entire system for leaks and look at the coolant level, and if necessary, top it up.

Diesel engine installation

Installing an engine in a UAZ is not at all difficult; the main thing is to strictly follow the instructions and follow all the rules. Before removing the engine from a UAZ vehicle, you should drain the coolant, disconnect the pipes, twist the shutters and remove the radiator. It is also better to remove the hood roof completely, since a raised lid will prevent easy dismantling of such a massive unit as the engine.

Next, you need to disconnect all the wires and tubes connected to the engine: muffler, cardans, handbrake cables, etc. Then you should unscrew the gearbox, remove the wires from the generator, unscrew the filters, the generator itself and the fuel pump. Disconnect all hoses from the heater and radiator.

When the engine is disconnected from all systems suitable for it, it can be pulled out. But it should be borne in mind that this unit weighs at least 200 kg, so one person cannot cope with this task. A minimum of 4-5 people should be involved in removing the engine from the hood of the car. It is advisable to hook the unit onto a cable and pull it through the passenger compartment from the passenger side.

The engine must also be installed on the UAZ with the help of several people, in the same way as it was removed. Then all the necessary components and assemblies are connected to it in reverse order: generator, fuel pump, distributor, etc. The wires, radiator and hoses are installed in their places. The gearbox is returned, the clutch and transfer case are connected. The muffler is screwed into its rightful place and the hood cover is installed.

Causes of diesel malfunction, disassembly features

Reasons why you need to start rebuilding the engine:

increased oil consumption;
unknown origin of smoke from the engine;
unexpectedly and without reason, fuel consumption increased;
extraneous noise;
reduction of compression.

Having identified problems, you need to begin repairs. When disassembling the engine, the possibility of further use of each part should be taken into account. It is better to immediately replace slightly outdated elements than to wait for them to break and then rebuild the engine again.

Before disassembling the engine, it should be cleaned of oil and dirt. It is convenient if there is a special rotary stand for working with the motor. The connecting rod caps are not disassembled with the connecting rods. Parts such as the clutch housing and main bearing caps cannot be transferred to another engine from the old one.

After the engine has been disassembled, you should begin degreasing and removing carbon deposits using any mechanical or chemical method. Aluminum and zinc parts should not be washed in alkali solutions. When repairing a diesel engine, you should use only new parts, preferably from the same plant that manufactured the unit itself.

Diesel engines are specific in that a breakdown that is not repaired in time can lead to malfunctions or rapid wear of its parts, and subsequently the entire unit. Faults in engine parts are detected using special computer diagnostics.

The need for timely maintenance

High-quality fuel is the key to engine health

To make your diesel engine last longer, you must follow some operating rules. It is necessary to carry out oil changes on time (every 7000-8000 km) and monitor its quality. This is necessary because diesel fuel contains a large amount of a substance such as sulfur, which leads to fairly rapid oxidation and aging of the system. The principle of choosing synthetic or mineral oils is not very important. The main rule is to use the same brand of lubricant every time. If the oil turns black during an oil change, you shouldn't worry too much, as it can darken from contact with cleaning dispersants.

The timing belt needs to be changed every 60,000 km. The deadline for replacing the timing belt is 100,000 km. But practice shows that the belt fails earlier due to oil contamination. If the belt breaks, the matter will not be limited to replacing it. The belt damages the rocker arms and camshafts, and the cylinder head fails. As a rule, the timing belt is changed together with the tension pulley, otherwise it quickly deteriorates, which leads to dire consequences.

It is necessary to periodically clean the fuel system. To do this, you need to drain all the sediment from the fuel filter and change the part every 8000-10000 km. If you perform this replacement much less frequently, you can end up with a filter clogged with suspensions, which increases the hydraulic resistance in the engine and disrupts the optimal operation of all fuel units and components. The fuel tank must be flushed twice a year, in the spring and autumn seasons. To do this, it must be completely removed from the car.

If these rules are neglected, then soon the UAZ owner will have to make serious repairs to the entire fuel system, in particular, the injectors and pump, and sometimes the engine itself.

Among contract diesel engines for Gazelle, the Japanese diesel engine produced by Nissan is quite in demand. The factory engine index is QD32ETI, as well as its modifications TD27T, TD27ETI, QD32T.

The specified Japanese diesel engine from Nissan in the Gazelle has a number of advantages:

reliable internal combustion engine design;
good maintainability;
high torque at low speeds;
long service life before major overhaul with proper maintenance (minimum 500 thousand km);
average fuel consumption for Gazelle with different types of bodies: 8-11l. per 100 km. mileage at an average speed of about 80-90 km/h;

The Nissan diesel engine of this modification received a cast iron cylinder head, which does not suffer from overheating. In such a motor, problems with the valve are minimized due to the absence of cracks in the valve seat area. The Japanese engine quickly reaches operating temperature. Various versions of this motor have a simple and reliable mechanical mechanism.

The second option on this unit is one that provides high torque and fuel efficiency. Installing a proven Japanese diesel engine in a GAZelle allows you to fully operate the vehicle at any load.

The diesel engine, which was originally installed on the Ford Transit Diesel, is no less popular in the GAZelle. The engine has a displacement of 2.5 liters. The specified engine is easier to find on sale compared to a diesel engine from Nissan. Installations with diesel internal combustion engines produced by Mercedes-Benz, Iveco, Peugeot, etc. are less common.

Diesel for UAZ

Domestic UAZ models are actively used for commercial purposes and are popular among off-roading enthusiasts. Installing a diesel engine on gasoline versions of UAZ SUVs seems to be the optimal solution. The so-called UAZ “loaf” or “tablet” in various body configurations is no less in demand today.

The factory diesel engine, which is installed on the UAZ model, is mass-produced and received the ZMZ-514 index. Engine 2.2 liters, 4-cylinder, turbocharged, 16-valve, in-line. The unit reaches full power of 92 “horses” at 4000 rpm, 216 Nm of torque is available at 2100 rpm. Car enthusiasts note that the specified diesel engine in the UAZ has questionable reliability; there are many spare parts on sale, but it is expensive to repair.

Also, occasionally there are factory diesel UAZs with engines from China, which are licensed copies of a diesel engine produced by Isuzu. The diesel internal combustion engine on the UAZ is a simple 4-cylinder in-line 8-valve turbocharged version with a displacement of 2.8 liters. The engine produces 92 hp. at 3600 rpm. and 200 Nm. at 2000 rpm. The power unit received the index F-Diesel 4JB1T. Factory UAZ diesel models with these engines are assembled in small batches.