Mazda 

See what "MKAD" is in other dictionaries. How many kilometers is the Moscow Moscow Ring Road in a circle? have you thought about this? How many kilometers is the Moscow Ring Road?

It is not clear what is considered the birthday of the Moscow Circle. On November 22, 1960, traffic opened on the first section of the legendary Moscow Ring Road - from Yaroslavl to Simferopol highway. But the ring road became a ring road only in 1962.

The design of the ring road began before the war - in 1937, in 1939 it was tied to the area, and in 1940 Soyuzdorproekt completed the design assignment for the construction of the Moscow Ring Road. But the war came, and in July 1941 the State Defense Committee decided to build a road according to a simplified design - in just one month! In a short time, 30 km of new roads were completed and about a hundred kilometers were reconstructed. Then there was an urgent need for this - it was necessary to transfer troops and military equipment for the defense of Moscow and the counter-offensive.



Initially, the road did not have an asphalt surface - poured concrete was used. From August 1960 to early 1984, the MKAD right-of-way served as the administrative border of the city of Moscow.



Autumn 1941 - on the initiative of G.K. Zhukov, a decision was made on the urgent construction of a roundabout of Moscow in a simplified version. To speed up the work, sections of pre-existing highways were connected into a ring, overpasses were built at intersections with highways and railways, and floating bridges were built across water barriers. This route became one of the main defense belts of the capital and contributed to the successful conduct of the counter-offensive operation and the defeat of the Nazis near Moscow


It was built by the Tsentrdorstroy trust, headed by Honored Builder of the RSFSR A. M. Sitsky. The hero of socialist labor, V. A. Barabanov, was appointed the first head of construction of the Moscow Ring Road. Quite in the spirit of those years, the construction project was declared a Komsomol strike. Builders came here from all over the USSR: from Belarus, Ukraine, especially from Mordovia. At first they had to live in tents, however, by the summer of 1957, everyone was placed in a specially built village.

Construction of the road (not counting pre-war and wartime) began at the end of 1956 near the Yaroslavl highway. The first section was opened to traffic in 1960, traffic along the entire ring - in 1962


In the summer, during the holidays, student teams from the country's road universities worked on leveling and strengthening the slopes of the Moscow Ring Road. Every year up to 10 thousand students came here. Among them were: Alexander Lagutin, the future Deputy Minister of Transport of Russia, Eduard Podolinsky, the future head of the department of the Ministry of Transport of Russia, Leonid Chugaev, the future responsible employee of the Ministry of Road Transport of the RSFSR, and others. Personnel specialists worked with the students: M. Bartenev, A. Bakhmet, A. Korneeva, Grigory Tartakovsky, who later became responsible employees of the Ministry of Road Transport of the RSFSR. Former construction worker Viktor Shifrin is now the editor-in-chief of the newspaper "Russian Road Worker". Young specialists who then worked as masters later became prominent leaders: N. Radchenko, V. Khromets, F. Salomatin and others.

1960s photography

The work proceeded very quickly, and in 1960, cars started moving along the first stage of the road - the eastern section of the highway between the Yaroslavl and Simferopol highways. Two years later, the 109-kilometer ring closed.

At that time, the Moscow Ring Road became the best highway in the country. In addition to two lanes for traffic in each direction, 46 pedestrian crossings, special exits and “pockets” for parking, and motels were built on the Moscow Ring Road. By the beginning of the 70s, the road, originally designed to handle 36 thousand cars per day, no longer met the requirements for a highway. In 1974-1977, the section between Entuziastov Highway and Volgogradsky Prospekt was reconstructed. The roadway was widened to three lanes in each direction, and additional pedestrian crossings were built.

However, over the years the number of cars grew, but the track remained the same. In the end, it earned the unflattering name “death road” from motorists. The cause of driver dissatisfaction was the increased accident rate, extreme wear and tear of the road surface, and lack of lighting. And most importantly, it was simply too narrow.

On the Moscow Ring Road


MKAD near Profsoyuznaya street



There were three-dimensional maps at the stops.



photo taken in 1970




MKAD, north 1972




Traffic police patrol helicopter over the Moscow Ring Road




MKAD in winter 1972



Place somewhere between Mozhaika and Rublyovka



Intersection with Rublyovka



Ground crossing on the Moscow Ring Road



1991. It is not surprising that on such a road cars were constantly colliding head-on and mercilessly hitting pedestrians. Every year, more than two hundred people died on the Moscow Ring Road and more than a thousand were injured. For this she received the nickname “death road”.


Several times the authorities tried to begin a major reconstruction of the route, but after calculating the cost of the project, they abandoned this idea.

Money was found only in 1994. The Moscow Ring Road had to regain its status as the best road in the country.
The general contractor of the work was the Transstroy corporation. The main contractor was Tsentrdorstroy. A year later, SU-802, headed by the general director, honorary builder of Russia Oleg Khomenko, joined the construction of the Moscow Ring Road. Two construction companies met each other halfway: Tsentrdorstroy moved along the northern wing, SU-802 along the southern wing. Later they were joined by the ADS company.

The quality of work and adherence to technology were carefully monitored by the project developers - Moskomarkhitektura, Transstroy Corporation, Soyuzdorproekt and, of course, the main customer Organizator LLC, a representative of the Moscow government.


1992 CHPP-22. The separation section on the Moscow Ring Road was built in 1993-1994, and in 1995 they began to expand the roadway (southern and southwestern sectors).


The end of reconstruction. Many legends and scandals are associated with the reconstruction of the Moscow Ring Road. There is a version that Luzhkov stole 10 centimeters from each roadside and earned millions. An equally funny story about the pillars is that when the Moscow Ring Road was being repaired, when awarding contracts, they had to re-measure it. And it turned out that the kilometer poles stood as they should - the largest distance between the kilometer poles turned out to be 1800m, and the smallest - 700m. Despite the absurdity of the situation, they decided to keep the location of the pillars - the police and road services are accustomed to their location and know where everything is, and if they receive a message “there is an accident at such and such a kilometer”, they know where to go.


Moscow Ring Road now.

On December 30, 2008, the Balashikha Court of the Moscow Region dismissed the criminal case of theft during the construction of the Moscow Ring Road (MKAD). The reason for such an “inglorious end” to one of the most scandalous cases in modern Russia is the expiration of the statute of limitations for this investigation. The case was written off to the archives. Let us remind you that, according to the Investigative Committee under the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, during the construction of the Moscow Ring Road, more than 250 billion rubles were stolen and transferred abroad.

sources
http://sprintinfo.ru
http://pokazuha.ru

The MKAD is a major highway bordering the Russian capital. For a long time it was the administrative border of Moscow. What is the general and when was this road built? You can find out about this by reading our article.

MKAD - what is it?

It is difficult to find a Muscovite who does not know what the abbreviation MKAD means. However, for guests of the capital and Russia this word may well be unfamiliar. So what is the Moscow Ring Road?

This word is deciphered as follows: Moscow Ring Road. Similar ring roads are typical for many large cities around the world. Their main purpose is to reduce the traffic load on the central part of the city.

The ring road circles the whole of Moscow. It is interesting that for quite a long time the Moscow Ring Road coincided with the administrative border of the city. However, in the 80s of the last century, the capital began to include residential areas that were located outside its borders. And today the road remains the border of the city, perhaps symbolically.

What is the total length of the MKAD - the Moscow ring road? This will be discussed further.

The length of the Moscow Moscow Ring Road and other characteristics of the highway

A road that completely surrounds one of the largest metropolises on the planet, of course, must have a colossal length. What is the length of the MKAD - the ring road of the Russian capital? Let's try to answer this question.

According to sources, the total length of the Moscow Ring Road is 109 kilometers. To be more precise, this figure is 108.9 km. True, there is one nuance in the exact definition of this parameter. The fact is that the length of the outer circle of the ring road will be slightly greater than the length of its inner circle. Thus, the length of the Moscow Ring Road will be different on different lanes of the highway.

In each direction the Moscow Ring Road has 5 lanes. The maximum speed that can be reached on this highway is 100 km/h. As of 2011, the Moscow Ring Road is capable of handling up to 9,000 thousand vehicles per hour. However, this is not enough for a large metropolis. That is why city authorities recently planned a large-scale reconstruction of the Moscow Ring Road. In particular, highway backups will be built, all transport interchanges will be modernized, and new transport hubs will be built.

The ring road is on average 17.3 kilometers away from the geographic center of Moscow.

History of the construction of the Moscow Ring Road

The process of designing a highway around the capital of the USSR began in the late 30s. However, plans for its construction were disrupted by the Great Patriotic War. Therefore, work began only in 1956, and six years later traffic along the roundabout was officially launched.

During construction, two bridges were also built - Spassky in 1962 and Besedinsky in 1960. In the early 90s, a large-scale modernization of the ring highway was carried out.

MKAD: he or she? How to speak correctly?

Another interesting point regarding the Moscow Ring Road relates to the field of philology. Many people don’t know how to correctly say: is the Moscow Ring Road a he or a she?

From the point of view of logical thinking, since this is a road (she), then the abbreviation should be feminine. However, in society and even in the press, MKAD is very often used in the masculine gender. How do you still need to speak correctly?

In official speech, it is still necessary to use the feminine abbreviation. For example: “The Moscow Ring Road will be reconstructed next year.” At the same time, in informal speech it is quite acceptable to use this word in the masculine gender.

MKAD and public transport

In the 90s, during the major reconstruction of the Moscow Ring Road, it was planned that the entire ring road would be covered by bus service. However, this did not happen. Today, about 50 bus routes pass through different sections of the Moscow Ring Road. At the same time, certain segments of the city's ring public transport are not served at all.

Conclusion

The Moscow Ring Road is one of the largest and most modern highways in Russia. The length of the Moscow Ring Road is almost 109 kilometers, and its width occupies ten road lanes. Despite this, the road does not fully cope with the traffic load in the capital. And traffic jams have long become a common and daily occurrence for the Moscow Ring Road.

In the early 1990s, it was necessary to admit that the resources of the road ring around Moscow had been exhausted. Drivers who had to use the Moscow Ring Road in those years remember very well what nickname this transport artery received - “The Road of Death”. The 109-kilometer-long ring was built back in 1962 and then coincided with the administrative boundaries of the city. They began designing it back in the late 30s, but the Second World War prevented the implementation of the plans. Construction of the Moscow Ring Road began in 1956, 4 years later traffic opened on the first section from Yaroslavskoye to Simferopol highways, but the road was only “circulated” in 1962.

This was a large-scale event, but modern drivers would hardly be amazed by that Moscow Ring Road. Only two lanes in each direction. There was no lighting, no dividing barriers, no asphalt - instead there was poured concrete. But there were ground pedestrian crossings. According to some reports, they initially wanted to build 4 lanes in each direction at once, but Nikita Khrushchev considered that there would not be such a number of cars in Moscow, and the project was “cut down.”

By the 90s, the annual number of deaths on this road increased to two hundred, about a thousand received various injuries. If you look at photographs of the Moscow Ring Road of those times, it becomes clear why the main road accidents were head-on collisions. On the other hand, large traffic jams began to form on the road, and the average speed did not exceed 40 kilometers per hour.

North of the Moscow Ring Road in 1972. (wikipedia.org)

The name of mayor Yuri Luzhkov is now inextricably linked with the history of the Moscow Ring Road. It was under him that a large-scale reconstruction of the ring road began. Political scientists and historians now say that this was a very smart move - Luzhkov managed to immediately win the sympathy of Muscovites. It took three and a half years to replace Death Road, from 1995 to 1998.


MKAD 1994. (TASS)

The construction was not only large-scale and expensive, but also bright. Corruption scandals literally shook the capital. The most common rumor is that Mayor Luzhkov embezzled money for himself by narrowing the Moscow Ring Road by 10 centimeters on each side. However, subsequent measurements showed that this was not true. There are indeed places on the Moscow Ring Road where the road is a little narrower, but in others it is wider than the stated dimensions. There were thefts during the reconstruction of the Moscow Ring Road, but it was in this case that the accusations turned out to be unfounded. As for the scale, all experts agree that the volume of work was colossal. A number of sources indicate that the operation to expand the Moscow Ring Road has virtually no analogues in world practice. The width of the road surface was increased to 50 meters. There were 5 lanes for traffic in one direction. To do this, it was necessary to clear the surrounding area of ​​all buildings, build new bridges and overpasses, relocate all existing underground communications and engineering structures, while the road continued to operate during the reconstruction.

The drivers, of course, were very happy about the new road. Some even too much. The speed limit on the Moscow Ring Road was 100 kilometers per hour. The “hot heads” believed that it was possible to go much faster. As the magazine “Behind the Wheel” wrote in 1998, some time after the opening of the reconstructed road, traffic police officers recorded a record speeding of one of the motorists - 256 kilometers per hour.

Time does not stand still; in 2011, a new reconstruction of the Moscow Ring Road began. It has long been clear that old two-level interchanges, made in the form of a “butterfly” or, as some say, “clover”, cause large traffic jams. To date, some of the junctions have already been changed, but this is not enough. At the beginning of this year, the Moscow government again started talking about a new comprehensive reconstruction of the Moscow Ring Road. The work plan includes the construction of alternate routes at some interchanges, acceleration lanes, the improvement of exits and exits from the Moscow Ring Road, as well as the development of the surrounding area.

How many kilometers around the Moscow Ring Road? Have you ever wondered? The ring road, which encircles Moscow and marks the administrative boundaries of the city, began construction back in the 40s, but was launched only in 1962.
Now there are 10 lanes and 47 interchanges on the Moscow Ring Road and still, this is clearly not enough.

How many kilometers around the Moscow Ring Road?

How many kilometers of the Moscow Ring Road in a circle in Moscow worries not only motorists, but also simply lovers of accurate statistical data. But here the opinions of the parties differ. According to official data, the length of the Moscow Ring Road is 108.9 km.

But as always, motorists check everything empirically and, according to their data, official sources are somewhat mistaken and the length of the Moscow Ring Road is closer to 110.3 km.

Experts object and say that such an error is considered normal, depending on which ring, outer or inner, the car was moving along.
Those who have nothing to do, go ahead to the Moscow Ring Road. It’s true that sometimes it’s scary to even look at the Moscow Ring Road, let alone go out of your own free will.

Story

MKAD in the Yasenev area

Construction of the road began at the end of the city near the Yaroslavl highway. The first section was open to traffic in the city. Traffic along the entire ring was open in the city. The ring consisted of 2 roads (two lanes in each direction) 7 meters wide, separated by a 4-meter dividing strip. The edge of the road was lined with corrugated slabs. Two bridges were built along the route across the Moscow River:

  • Besedinsky Bridge, 1960, engineer. R. M. Galperin, architect. G. I. Korneev (in the area of ​​Kapotnya and the village of Besedy)
  • Spassky Bridge, 1962, engineer. V. D. Vasiliev, architect. K. P. Savelyev (in the area of ​​Strogino and the village of Spas).

In total, there were 7 bridges and 54 overpasses on the ring. Initially, the ring road had 33 two-level interchanges with roads leaving Moscow, and in the early 1980s. At the intersection with the Simferopol highway, a three-level building was built. Initially the road did not have asphalt surface. Poured concrete was used. From August 1960 to the beginning, the MKAD right-of-way served as the administrative border of the city of Moscow. In December, the first station of the Moscow Metro outside the Moscow Ring Road was opened - Dmitry Donskoy Boulevard.

MKAD near Strogin

Zero kilometer of the Moscow Ring Road

Reconstruction of the Moscow Ring Road

The reason for rumors of theft was also the fact that the information boards installed on the road were not in the required quantity.

Intersection with Yaroslavl highway

Trunk characteristics

The width of the Moscow Ring Road is 10 lanes; total length - 108.9 km. Mileage on the Moscow Ring Road is counted from the intersection with Entuziastov Highway (where the so-called “zero kilometer” is located) in a clockwise direction.

Despite the fact that the Moscow Ring Road is one of the most modern roads and has the highest capacity in the region, it has not been able to cope with the flow of vehicles for a long time. The so-called “traffic jams” are a daily occurrence on the Moscow Ring Road. The causes of traffic jams are: insufficient capacity of exits from the Moscow Ring Road and the lack of special parking spaces for emergency vehicles; and in winter, in addition, there is slipping of trucks at exits/entrances from/to the Moscow Ring Road.

Public transport

Currently, Moscow urban passenger transport routes (buses) run along different sections of the Moscow Ring Road. The list shows routes that have at least one official stop. Unless otherwise indicated, the route is serviced by the State Unitary Enterprise Mosgortrans.

  • On the section of the Moscow Ring Road from Entuziastov Highway to Ketcherskaya Street there is bus route No.
  • from Volgogradsky Prospekt to Verkhnie Polya Street - No. 655;
  • from Verkhnie Polya Street to the 16th km of the Moscow Ring Road - No. 54 and 655;
  • from the 16th km to Kashirskoye Highway - No. 95 and 995;
  • from Kashirskoye Highway to Lipetskaya Street - No. 37, 37e, 471;
  • from Lipetskaya street to Kulikovskaya street - No. 37, 37e, 39 (Vidnoe), 40 (Vidnoe), 42 (Vidnoe);
  • from Kulikovskaya Street to the 37th km of the Moscow Ring Road (exit from Yasenev) - No. 37, 39 (Vidnoe), 40 (Vidnoe), 42 (Vidnoe), 101, 165, 202, 262, 710;
  • from the exit from Yasenev to Profsoyuznaya street - No. 37, 37e, 39 (Vidnoe), 40 (Vidnoe), 42 (Vidnoe), 642;
  • from Profsoyuznaya Street to Leninsky Prospect - No. 642, 767, 781;
  • from Leninsky Prospect to Ozernaya Street - No. 767, 781, 816;
  • from Ozernaya Street to Ryabinovaya Street - No. 779, 781, 816;
  • from Ryabinovaya Street to Troyekurovsky Proezd - No. 816;
  • from Troekurovsky Proezd to Skolkovskoe Highway - No. 612 (only on the inner side of the Moscow Ring Road), 816;
  • from Skolkovskoye Highway to Molodogvardeyskaya Street - No. 816;
  • from Molodogvardeyskaya Street to 3rd Cherepkovskaya Street - No. 660 (only on the inner side of the Moscow Ring Road), 798, 816;
  • from 3rd Cherepkovskaya street to Rublevskoye highway - No. 798, 816;
  • from Rublevskoye Highway to Lykovsky Proezd (Khoroshevsky Prospekt) - No. 626, 798;
  • from Lykovsky Proezd to Myakininsky Proezd - No. 626 (only on the outer side of the Moscow Ring Road), 798;
  • from Myakininsky Proezd to Marshal Katukov Street - No. 631, 640, 736 (only on the outer side of the Moscow Ring Road);
  • from Marshal Katukov Street to Volokolamsk Highway - No. 631, 640, 736;
  • from Svobody Street to Leningradskoe Highway - No. 173, 199, 472, 817;
  • from Leningradskoye Highway to Bibliotechnaya Street - No. 5, 32, 472 (All routes - Khimki/Dolgoprudny);
  • from Dmitrovskoe highway to Yaroslavskoe highway - No. 24-25 (Mytishchi), 136;
  • from Shchelkovskoe highway to Entuziastov highway - No. 133, .

Sections of the Moscow Ring Road from Ketcherskaya Street (4 km) to Volgogradsky Prospekt (10-11 km), from Volokolamsk Highway (67-68 km) to Svoboda Street (73-74 km), from Leningradskoye Highway (75 km) to Dmitrovskoye Highway (81 -82 km), from Yaroslavskoye Highway (94 km) to Shchelkovskoye Highway (104 km) - Moscow urban passenger transport routes (bus) are not served. Although during the reconstruction of the Moscow Ring Road (in the mid-1990s), it was planned to organize bus traffic along all sections of the Moscow Ring Road.

Notes

Links

Moscow Ring Road (MKAD)