Mitsubishi 

What is the difference between Goi paste 1 and 2. GOI pastes - general information. Where is the product used?

They do not name any specific material, but rather their combination, a complex of grinding and polishing pastes created from chrome green. They are used to grind and polish steel alloys (in particular heat-strengthened ones), non-ferrous metals, hard plastics and polymers, glass products (including optical glass), ceramics and products made from it.

This is an excellent material if you need to remove scratches from coins, remove plaque and add shine. It will come in handy if there is a need to clean jewelry (rings, chains, bracelets, etc.) and decorative elements (figurines, candlesticks, etc.) made of all kinds of metals, including silver and gold.

Production, operation and other issues related to GOI grinding abrasives are not subject to regulation by the GSTU. Determination of their composition and technical requirements. characteristics occurs according to Technical Specifications 6-18-36-85.

Why is it called that and what does the abbreviation GOI stand for?

GOI is the State. optical institute, a scientific institution in which this product was developed in the 30s of the XX century.

What does it look like and what does it consist of?

In appearance, this abrasive material is a green (lighter or darker) bar, most often in the shape of a rectangle, formed by powdery chromium oxide (ІІІ) , organic fatty binders and additional elements that improve the properties of the product (activators and intensifiers). Excipients, solvents and chemicals. reagents that may be present in its composition: kerosene, stearin, silica gel etc. The intensity of the color and, in fact, the type of product, its use depend on the amount in the composition of the main component. The larger the volume of chrome green, the lighter the paste and the higher the abrasive properties it has. The lightest product is intended for heavy grinding, the darkest (almost black with a greenish tint) is for fine polishing and providing a mirror-like shine on the workpiece. In general, chromium sesquioxide may be present in the composition in the amount of 65-80%.

In addition, it can be produced in the form of polishing wheels. They are inherently soft (made of felt) and are impregnated with the required amount of paste. Other options: in liquid form in plastic containers and in the form of impregnation for the same circles.

Note! The shape and packaging do not affect the purpose and decoding.

What types are there?

In general, this product can be classified into coarse, medium and fine, which in turn is divided into two more options. That is, in total there are 4 varieties, the division into which is based on the dimensional parameters of the abrasive components. Each of these varieties is assigned its own number:

– No. 1 (color – black + greenish tint, abrasiveness – 0.3-0.1 microns). Used for final polishing. The main task is to give the processed product the ability to shine. The amount of chromium oxide (III) – 65-70%, stearin and split fat – 10% each, kerosene – 2%, silica gel – 1.8%, sodium bicarbonate – 0,2 %;

– No. 2 (color – dark green, abrasiveness – 7-1 microns). Purpose – gentle polishing with a mirror finish similar to the previous option. Chromium sesquioxide occupies 65-74%, stearin and split fat - 10% each, kerosene and oleic acid– 2% each, silica gel – 1%, sodium bicarbonate – 0.2%;

– No. 3 (color – green, abrasiveness – 17-8 microns). Prepared for medium grinding. Provides optimal surface cleanliness, eliminates the formation of any streaks on it, and guarantees polishing, leading to a uniform shine. The volume of chrome green – 70-80%, stearin and split fat – 10% each, silica gel and kerosene – 2% each;

– No. 4 (color – light green, abrasiveness – 40-18 microns). An excellent option for rough grinding, resulting in a matte finish and leveling out any, even the smallest, scratches that remain after using abrasives. The amount of trivalent chromium oxide is 75-85%, stearin is 10%, split fat is 5%, silica gel and kerosene are 2% each.

The abrasiveness of the paste is determined by the thickness of the metal, which is removed from a 9x35 mm plate made of steel, while passing it over a forty-meter cast iron plate of 400x400 mm.

How to use?

Is this material difficult to work with? No. But it is still necessary to follow general recommendations and know a number of nuances and aspects in order not to damage the surface. Moreover, there are different methods of use, from which you can choose any complexity that suits you.

Main stages of work:

– apply a little paste to a polishing wheel or a piece of soft cloth (for example, flannel). The material should not be placed on the product to be processed. Additionally, before applying the paste, the cloth can be moistened in kerosene or gasoline, this will improve dissolution;

– grind the paste added to the working device (circle or rag) using metal. This way it will be possible to remove large pieces of abrasive that can cause unwanted damage;

– add a little industrial oil to the surface and you can start polishing, renewing the lubricant from time to time.

Don't press, but rub. Do not make sudden movements and do not apply a lot of force - this is unnecessary. Polish until a suitable shine is achieved. When you finish processing, do not forget to rinse the surface with kerosene or gasoline. It is also permissible to remove residual abrasive material with water.

Be sure to keep in mind: if you make a mistake, use larger particles than necessary, or apply increased force, this can damage the surface (for example, cause scratches).

Perhaps the main task is the correct selection of the paste number, according to the expected effect. That is, what type of product will be relevant in a particular case. Remember that for rough cleaning you should take No. 4, to create a matte finish in the absence of streaks - No. 3, to achieve glossiness - No. 2 and No. 1. If you just clean it, then No. 1 or No. 2, if you remove scratches, then No. 3 or No. 4.

Is it possible to cope with scratches with paste No. 1 at your disposal? Can. But this will require more effort and time. If you are faced with the task of performing mirror polishing, then there are no interchanges. For this, only pastes No. 1 or No. 2 can be used. Mirror polishing is not possible with No. 3 and No. 4.

Features of polishing various materials with GOI paste:

– Metals. The first thing you need to do is determine the type of metal.

When processing silver products (for example, cutlery, in particular forks, spoons, knives, etc.), high-quality cleaning, which, one way or another, is necessary for them from time to time, should prevent damage to the surface in the form of small scratches. To do this, do not neglect the sequence of cleaning activities. First, wash the spoons and forks, then rub them with powder using a toothbrush until they become shiny. At the same time, pour water into a glass, add an aqueous solution to it ammonia in small quantities, a little more soap and powder. Boil silver items in this solution, and then treat them with GOI paste.

As for steel, its processing requires the mandatory use of special tools. device. As for gold, in the absence of experience and knowledge, it is best not to process it in this way, because it is possible that the top layer will be erased. If you want to clean your watch, do not forget to first disconnect the clock mechanism from it.

– Glass. What could it be? Display of a smartphone, tablet or other gadget. For polishing such surfaces, there is no better option than GOI paste, namely composition No. 2. Apply the substance to a soft cloth and lightly sand the glass. Don't press too hard, don't put in much effort. You will soon see an excellent result - a polished display of your equipment to a shine.

– Plastic. Also, the best option is viscous or hard paste No. 2. Take a cloth, apply an abrasive to it, rub it on any metal surface (as explained above, to remove large particles that are unsafe for the material being processed), then do everything as usual.

However, in order not to miss something important, to refresh your memory or find out the necessary operational information, you can always use the instructions included with the specified paste before starting work. In the instructions for use, manufacturers indicate both the percentage composition of the components and the rules for use when working with various solid objects in order to rid them of defects.

On a note! If you have GOI paste that has not been used for a long period of time, has dried out and, as it seems to you, is not suitable for further work, so you are ready to get rid of it, do not rush to conclusions. It is quite possible to return the material to performance by softening it. How to do this at home? Using technical or automotive oil. To do this, you need to break off a dry piece and grind it into powder, then mix it with the oil base that is available. That's all, you can start using it. As an option, use kerosene to soften. But then it is worth considering that the polishing effect may not be preserved.

GOI paste is the most popular material for polishing the surfaces of various products, proven by practice and time. It is characterized by the necessary efficiency with minimal time investment: a few minutes - and the job is done. This polishing material is characterized by ease of use and the ability to use it at home. In addition, it is inexpensive, and buying it today does not present the slightest difficulty. So a considerable breadth of application is a completely natural situation. If you also need GOI paste, you can get it at your disposal in a matter of days.

The most popular polishing agent, perhaps, can be called GOI paste, since it can be used on a wide variety of surfaces, from rough metals to glass and soft plastic of mobile phone displays.

The name of the paste is deciphered as follows: State Optical Institute, where this useful product was developed in the 30s of the last century.

Paste "GOI": appearance and composition

GOI paste is made in the form of sticks from pale to dark green, depending on the content of chromium oxide powder in it (can range from 65 to 85 percent), which forms the base of the paste. In addition, it also contains organic (fatty) binders and auxiliary substances (activating and intensifying additives), such as solvents and chemical reagents such as stearin, kerosene, silica gel (silicon dioxide, white porous mass with absorbing (adsorption) ability), etc.

GOI paste is available both in the form of a paste and in the form of impregnated felt soft polishing wheels.

What surfaces is GOI paste used for?

This product is used for polishing and grinding steel alloys (including thermally hardened ones), non-ferrous metals, glass (including optical glass), hard polymers and plastics, and ceramic materials. GOI paste is easy to apply and adheres well to polishing wheels.

Paste "GOI": classification and varieties

The most widely used paste is No. 2, since it is perfect for polishing jewelry or other surfaces made of non-ferrous metals, glass, hard polymers and plastics.

Paste "GOI": application

Few people know how to use this remedy correctly. Below are instructions that will help you cope with polishing with GOI paste without any problems.

Apply a small amount of product to a polishing cloth (soft cloth, flannel is ideal) or to a polishing wheel. Do not apply the paste directly to the surface you are going to polish.

Before applying the product, you can rinse the cloth in kerosene or lighter gasoline. This will significantly improve the dissolution of this paste.

Then drop a couple of drops of “spindle” (industrial liquid oil) onto the surface to be polished and begin polishing the desired surface.

Periodically you need to drip oil onto the product. And when polishing, do not make sudden movements with your hands, do not press the surface too hard, because... This may not only not remove existing scratches, but also add new ones. Polish until desired shine is achieved.

At the end of the work, rinse the product well, preferably in kerosene. If it is not there, remove the remaining GOI paste with water.

This is such an effective and easy to use remedy.

Pastes used for polishing, sanding, finishing and other final finishing applications are made from micro- or abrasive powders. Such materials have an abrasive effect, and the treated surface receives the necessary roughness.

The surface substances contained in the pastes actively remove microchips and other elements remaining after previous processing. The material has a paste-like consistency containing microscopic diamond particles. The surfactant compounds included in the composition ensure rapid removal of chips, slag, flammable liquids and ensure ease of washing. Such characteristics improve quality and reduce processing time.

Areas of application of diamond, CBN pastes, GOI pastes

Pastes are used for processing alloys, metal and non-metallic surfaces:

  • various metals;
  • alloys;
  • stone;
  • porcelain and ceramics;
  • glass;
  • precious and artificial stones;

Polishing machines and grinding wheels are used for work; manual processing is also allowed.

Advantages of pastes

All products containing a diamond component and used for surface treatment have a number of advantages:

  • variety of degrees of abrasiveness - twelve types of abrasiveness allow you to choose a paste suitable for a specific material and the desired result;
  • precision processing – perfect polishing is ensured;
  • the material can be used both for manual processing at home and in enterprises using special equipment.

Classification of pastes

The modern market offers a wide range of pastes with different properties and purposes.

There are several main criteria by which pastes are divided:

1. Washability type:

  • aqueous (indicated by the letter B) – the absence of fat in the composition allows the coating to be removed with ordinary water;
  • organic, fatty (denoted by the letter O) - resistant to aqueous solutions, contain fatty acids, oils and paraffin, diluted with industrial oils, washed off with gasoline, alcohol or kerosene.

2. Consistency:

  • liquid – available in the form of an ointment;
  • solid - offered in powder or stick form, mixed with water when used.

3. Purpose:

  • universal – intended for processing any surface;
  • specialized - used only for working with metals, stone or glass.

4. Grain level:

Pastes are produced with 12 grain sizes, divided into fine, fine, medium and coarse; the application depends on this indicator for:

  • rough processing;
  • pre-treatment;
  • precise finishing;
  • preliminary stage of grinding;
  • final stage of grinding.

5. Abrasive concentration:

  • N – normal;
  • P – increased;
  • B – high.

6. Type of flushing agents:

  • “G” - organic types of solvents;
  • “L” - most existing types of solvents;
  • “X” - water, no solvents are used;
  • "E" - universal solvents.

The products are available packaged in jars, cases or syringes. The type of packaging depends on the volume and consistency of the material.

Another difference between the pastes is the binders used. The binders can be: oleic acid, paraffin, castor oil, wax, gasoline, kerosene, split fat, stearin. For some types of material, non-drying vegetable oils, dehydrated pork or beef lard, fish oil, rosin, and turpentine are used.

All pastes used for polishing, grinding and finishing are divided into diamond, CBN and GOI, each of which has its own differences and purpose.

In the production of diamond polishing and finishing pastes, fine (1-40 microns) diamond powders are used. Materials that contain both artificial (synthetic) and natural diamond grains are common. Under certain conditions, the performance of synthetic diamonds will exceed that of natural diamonds. This effect is explained by the special nature of the grain surface, high homogeneity and, as a result, better fixation.

According to grain size, diamond pastes are divided into micropowders (denoted by the letters AM) and powders (denoted by the letter A). When using synthetic diamonds, the letter “C” is added to the marking (example - ASM40, AC 16).

Diamond pastes used for finishing are applied to the laps. The highest performance efficiency is shown by a material consisting of 30-40% diamond powder and 70-60% castor or olive oil.

The pastes are produced in ready-to-use form and are divided into four groups and twelve grain types. For ease of identification, the packaging is painted in different colors, and the material itself is light - this allows you to control the amount of coating removed.

The concentration (weight content) of diamond powder depends on its grain size and belongs to one of three groups:

  • N – normal;
  • P – increased;
  • B – high.

The higher the hardness of the surface being treated, the larger the grain size of the paste used. Most often, diamond paste is packaged in tubes weighing 80, 40 or 20 g.

CBN pastes

Elboron pastes are called pastes in which cubic boron nitride acts as an abrasive. Another name for them is cubanite polishing pastes. This type of paste is intended for finishing and sharpening metals and metal-cutting tools made of alloy steels, and polishing glass surfaces.

The surfactants included in the material not only remove waste chips, flammable liquids and slags from the working area, but also increase the performance of parts. Ensuring they are washed. Thanks to this, the polishing process occurs with absolute precision, and the paste has a positive effect on the surface being treated.

CBN pastes are divided into several types, which determine the scope of application:

  • type G (POMG, VOMG and NOMG) is used for polishing and processing steel, non-metallic and non-metallic surfaces, semiconductor materials and various alloys;
  • type L (POML, VOML, NOML) is used for processing and polishing ceramics, cermets, hard alloys, sapphire. Ferrite, cast iron and steel surfaces;
  • type X (POMX, BOMX, NOMX) is intended for polishing carbide and glass surfaces, processing die and semiconductor materials;
  • type E (POME, VOME, NOME) polishes carbide and glass surfaces, processes semiconductor materials.

The degree of granularity of CBN paste depends on the size of the microparticles, which differs depending on the purpose:

  • grain size 125/100-50/40 – for rough finishing and roughing;
  • indicators 40/28, 60/40 – less rough finishing during roughing;
  • grain size 14/10-28/20 – preliminary finishing stage;
  • grain size 5/3-10/7 – for precise finishing;
  • pastes with a grain size of 1/0-3/2 – preliminary polishing stage;
  • Grit value 0.1/0-1/0.5 – final polishing.

GOI pastes

They got their name from the place of development - the State Optical Institute. Designed for polishing and grinding hard polymers and plastics, glass (including optical glasses), alloys (conventional and thermally strengthened), ceramics and ceramic products, non-ferrous metals. Contains a chromium (III) oxide base.

Available in the form of dark green or light green bars or as paste-impregnated felt polishing wheels. The paste contains abrasive chromium oxide powder, fatty (organic) binders and additives, which are auxiliary intensifying and activating substances.

The color of the mixture depends on the percentage of chromium oxide (65-80%) and the chemical reagents and solvents contained in the paste (silica gel, stearin, kerosene and others)

Divided into three main varieties:

  • rude;
  • average;
  • thin (numbers 1 and 2).

Coarse GOI paste is light green in color, removes the largest amount of material and forms a matte surface. The middle one has a green color, the treated surface is smooth and clean. Fine grade pastes are black with a green tint or dark green, intended for fine finishing (grinding in), the treated surface receives a mirror shine.

The composition and abrasive ability of GOI pastes is determined according to TU 6-18-36-85:

  • No. 1 - the darkest, with an abrasive ability of 0.3-0.1 microns, contains 65-70% trivalent chromium oxide, 10% decomposed fat, 10% stearin, 2% kerosene, 1.8% silica gel, 0.2% bicarbonate of soda, used for fine polishing to obtain a mirror finish;
  • No. 2 – dark green with an abrasive ability of 7-1 microns, consists of 65-74% trivalent chromium oxide, 10% decomposed fat, 10% stearin, 2% oleic acid, 2% kerosene, 1% silica gel, 0.2% bicarbonate of soda, used for fine polishing to impart a mirror-like shine to the surface;
  • No. 3 – green paste with an abrasive ability of 17-8 microns, composition: 70-80% trivalent chromium oxide, 10% decomposed fat, 10% stearin, 2% silica gel, 2% kerosene, used for medium grinding, leaves the surface without streaks with an even shine;
  • No. 4 – light green paste with an abrasiveness of 40-18 microns, consisting of 75-85% trivalent chromium oxide, 5% decomposed fat, 10% stearin, 2% silica gel, 2% kerosene, used for rough grinding, removes the smallest scratches , remaining after grinding with abrasive materials, forms a matte surface.

A large selection of polishing and grinding pastes available allows you to select a material suitable for processing almost any material to the required degree.

№ 3 (green paste; abrasive ability 17-8 microns) for medium grinding, gives a clean surface without streaks and is used to achieve an even shine of the polished surface. Composition: 70-80 parts of trivalent chromium oxide, 2 - silica gel, 10 - stearin, 10 - split fat, 2 - kerosene;

№ 4 (paste light green; abrasive ability 40-18 microns) for rough grinding, gives a matte surface and is used to remove the smallest scratches left on the surface after grinding with abrasives. Composition: 75-85 parts of trivalent chromium oxide, 2 - silica gel, 10 - stearin, 5 - split fat, 2 - kerosene.

The abrasive ability of GOI paste is determined by the thickness of the metal removed from a steel plate of 9×35 mm when it passes a path of 40 m along a cast iron plate of 400×400 mm.

Type of pasta Paste color Abrasive ability, microns
rough light green 40-18
average green 17-8
thin black-green 7-1

GOI pastes - application.

Apply a small amount of product to a polishing cloth (soft cloth, flannel is ideal) or to a polishing wheel. Do not apply the paste directly to the surface you are going to polish.

Next, the paste that was applied to the cloth is rubbed on any piece of metal. This is done to remove large pieces of paste that can scratch the surface. Before applying the product, you can rinse the cloth in kerosene or lighter gasoline. This will significantly improve the dissolution of this paste.

Then drop a couple of drops of “spindle” (industrial liquid oil) onto the surface to be polished and begin polishing the desired surface. Periodically you need to drip oil onto the product, and when polishing, do not make sudden movements with your hands, do not press the surface too hard, because. This may not only not remove existing scratches, but also add new ones. Polish until desired shine is achieved.

At the end of the work, rinse the product well, preferably in kerosene. If it is not there, remove the remaining GOI paste with water.

Evgeniy Sedov

When your hands grow from the right place, life is more fun :)

Content

To grind metal at home, it is recommended to use a popular and time-tested product called GOI paste. Several varieties of such household products predominate on the open market, but the task is the same - polishing the surfaces of products made from different materials. The product is affordable and effective in the end result. Therefore, metal polishing paste deserves special attention and will definitely be useful to every craftsman.

What is GOI paste

Essentially, it is a green solid mass, which is a chemical product and was specially developed at the State Optical Institute. This is how the name stands for (abbreviation). This abrasive material is intended for high-quality processing and polishing of metal, plastic, glass and other hard surfaces, depending on their characteristics. This universal paste can be produced in the form of a smooth bar or packaged in liquid form in special jars. The purpose and definition of such chemical products does not change depending on the packaging features.

Compound

The main active ingredient is chromium oxide, which can predominate in the chemical composition in different concentrations. Other components are auxiliary, necessary to enhance the desired effect and ease of everyday use of the Goya mixture. In this case we are talking about soda, kerosene, silica gel, fat and stearin. This chemical formula gives the paste a rich green color, making it convenient and accessible as a polishing material. The production of such chemical products clearly complies with GOST standards.

How to use GOI paste

Each package comes with instructions that describe in detail the composition of the GOI paste, the rules for use in direct contact with certain hard surfaces to eliminate defects. Before starting use, you need to decide which paste will be relevant in a particular case. Several practical options predominate on free sale, among them the following numbers:

  1. No. 4. For rough processing.
  2. No. 3. To provide a matte surface without streaks.
  3. No. 2 and 1. To ensure glossy surfaces.

The procedure itself is not complicated, the main thing is to strictly follow the general recommendations and not damage the surface being treated. Polishing with GOI paste can be carried out in the following sequence:

  1. To avoid scratches on the surface being treated, you must first find a piece of cloth, such as flannel, and soak it in gasoline.
  2. Apply a small amount of paste to a rag, then wipe it on an unnecessary metal object to break up large crystals of the GOI composition.
  3. Rub the object with gentle movements until its body begins to shine. This cleaning takes a few minutes, but it is important to beware of large particles of Goya composition and scratches.
  4. After completing the session, you need to additionally treat the surface with gasoline or dip the polished object in kerosene.

For metal

Before polishing with GOI paste, it is important to decide on the type of metal. For example, there is often a need for high-quality cleaning of silver cutlery - forks, knives, spoons (over time they darken and turn green). In this case, it is important not to spoil the surface of the noble metal with small scratches, but to act in the sequence given below:

  1. Wash silver cutlery.
  2. Rub with a toothbrush and powder until shiny.
  3. Separately, pour water into a glass, add a little ammonia, soap, powder.
  4. Boil cutlery in this composition.
  5. Then proceed to metal processing with GOI composition.

If we talk about other metal bases and products, it is worth emphasizing that steel items are cleaned using a special device, and it is better to completely abandon cleaning gold in this way. This is explained by the fact that the top layer of this precious metal can be erased. When polishing a metal watch with paste, it is important to first remove the watch mechanism.

For glass

For example, you may need to polish the display of a mobile phone or any other gadget. In this case, you definitely can’t do without this miraculous paste. When working with glass surfaces, it is recommended to use GOI composition No. 2, and additionally use a soft flannel rag. The cleaning process is available at home, the sequence of actions is as follows:

  1. Take a piece of rag and rub it thoroughly with a bar of technical product so that a layer of paste remains.
  2. After this, you can begin high-quality grinding of the glass, but do not put too much pressure on the fragile product.
  3. Without much effort, in just a few minutes the glass surface will be polished to a shine.

For plastic

For plastics, it is also recommended to use the GOI composition No. 2 with a viscous or solid consistency. Take a rag again and rub it with a bar or apply a thin layer of a gel-like paste. In the latter case, before proceeding with more intensive sanding of the plastic, it is important to rub any metal surface (to avoid scratches on the plastic). Then use the technical tool for its intended purpose in the same way as the examples described above.

How to soften GOI paste

If the composition has not been used for a long time and has dried out, you should not rush into thinking about how to replace GOI paste at home, since this technical product can still be “reanimated”. For example, it can be diluted with technical or machine oil. To do this, break off a dried piece and grind it into crumbs, mix separately with the selected oil base. You can then use it for its intended purpose following the photo or video instructions. Another option for diluting GOI paste is kerosene, but the polishing effect is not always preserved.